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N. Austin English 11. We Love Poetry. INTRODUCTION TO POETRY. POETRY deals with the intensity of human emotion and the experiences of life itself. There is no reason to fear that which elucidates, edifies, elevates, and inspires. Poetry is a gift of language.
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N. Austin English 11 We Love Poetry
INTRODUCTION TO POETRY • POETRY deals with the intensity of human emotion and the experiences of life itself. There is no reason to fear that which elucidates, edifies, elevates, and inspires. Poetry is a gift of language. • However, it may still be intimidating to read poetry. • Respond to poems on an emotional level.
JARGON OF POETRY • The analysis of a poem’s form and meter is called SCANSION. • THE FOOT: composed of a pattern of syllables. • These patterns create the METER of a poem. • METER is a pattern of beats or accents. • We figure this pattern out by counting the stressed and unstressed syllables. See handout.
RHYME • END RHYMES are the most common. • INTERNAL RHYME occur within the line. • FORCED RHYME depends on pronunciation. Spoken words can be altered and stretched to fit the intention of the rhyme. This falls under the category of “poetic license.” In the ballad, if you soften the “g” sound in the word “falling,” it more closely rhymes with “Allan.”
BALLAD • A NARRATIVE THAT WAS ORIGINALLY SPOKEN OR SUNG. • IS SIMPLE. • EMPLOYS DIALOGUE, REPETITION, MINOR CHARACTERIZATION. • WRITTEN IN QUATRAINS. • HAS A BASIC RHYME SCHEME, PRIMARILY A B C B • HAS A REFRAIN WHICH ADDS TO ITS SONGLIKE QUALITY • IS COMPOSED OF TWO LINES OF IAMBIC TETRAMETER WHICH ALTERNATE WITH TWO LINES OF IAMBIC TRIMETER.
BALLAD • THE SUBJECT MATTER OF BALLADS VARIES. They deal with the life of a folk hero, like Robin Hood. Sometimes they retell historical events. The supernatural, disasters, good and evil, love and loss are all topics found in traditional ballads
THE SONNET • WRITTEN IN IAMBI C PENTAMETER • 14 LINES • TWO STYLES: • Italian or Petrachan • English or Shakespearian • Each adheres to a strict rhyme scheme and stanza form • Topics are expressions of love, philosophical considerations, religious declarations, or political criticisms.
English or Petrarchan a ORGANIZE BY:Octave b General to specific b Comparison and contrast a Question and answer a Cause and effect b Before and after b a c d eSestet c d e
ENGLISH OR SHAKESPEAN a The three quatrains and theQUATRAIN b one couplet indicate the a separate nature of each stanza. B ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS: Beginning, middle, endQUATRAIN c Thesis, example, example d Past, present, future c Morning, noon, night d Birth, life, deathQUATRAIN e f e f THE COUPLET SHOULD PRESENT:COUPLET g A summary or a conclusion g A universal statement
VILLANELLE • HAS SIX STANZAS • FIVE TERCETS • A FINAL QUATRAIN HAS TWO REFRAINS • THE FIRST AND LAST LINES OF THE FIRST STANZA ALTERNATE AS THE LAST LINE OF THE NEXT FOUR STANZAS AND • THEN FORM A FINAL COUPLET IN THE QUATRAIN