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II. Sewer Networks and Facilities Topic II.3. Sewer Pipes: Kinds, Joints, Foundation. Sewer Network Design. Sewer Pipes Profiles: Normal (b/h 1) Circular Trapezoidal Square High (b/h < 1) Egg-shaped Ellipsoidal Oval Horseshoe Low (b/h > 1) Mouth-shaped Rectangular Combined.
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II. Sewer Networks and FacilitiesTopic II.3. Sewer Pipes: Kinds, Joints, Foundation.Sewer Network Design Sewer Pipes Profiles: • Normal (b/h 1) • Circular • Trapezoidal • Square • High (b/h < 1) • Egg-shaped • Ellipsoidal • Oval • Horseshoe • Low (b/h > 1) • Mouth-shaped • Rectangular • Combined
Sewer Pipes Profiles: a - circular б - egg-shaped (inverted) b - egg-shaped г - mouth-shaped д - square e - trapezoidal Sewer Pipes
Sewer Pipes Materials: Concrete, Reinforced concrete, Prestressed concrete Ceramics Asbestos cement Cast iron Steel Plastics - PVC, PE, PP, reinforced with fibre-glass Resins - epoxy resin, reinforced with fibre-glass Sewer Pipes
Reinforced Concrete Pipes 1 - putty; 2 - cement putty; 3 - muff; 4 - resin rope Sewer Pipes Joints
a - Ceramic pipes; б - Cast iron; b, г - Reinforced concrete 1 - plastic gasket; 2, 3, 4 - rubber gasket Sewer Pipes Joints
a - on grounds with strength p > 1,5 kg/cm2and pipes with D = 0,6 - 3,5 m б - on grounds with strength p < 1,5 kg/cm2 and pipes with D = 0,8 - 2,5 m b - on embankments Sewer Pipes Foundation
a - on saturated (wet) stable grounds; б - on unstable grounds 1 - base drainage layer; 2 - concrete pillow; 3 - drainage pipes; 4 - reinforced concrete plate; 5 - piles Sewer Pipes Foundation
Reinforced Concrete Pipes with Heel 1 - cement coat; 2 - cement layer; 3 - concrete foundation Sewer Pipes Foundation
Determination of the Minimal Sewer Pipeline Depth 1 - street regulation line; 2 - the most remote yard manhole H = h + i(l + L) - (z1 - z2) + D - d Sewer Networks Design
Principles of the Sewer Pipes Joining a - water levels alignment; б - pipes inverts alignment; b - pipes bottoms alignment (at CSO only); г, д - sewer pipe branches joining the mains Sewer Networks Design
Underground Infrastructure Allocation 1 - electricity cables; 2 - telephone cables; 3 - gas pipes; 4 - water supply pipes; 5 - sanitary sewer pipes; 6 - street inlets; 7 - drainage pipe Sewer Networks Design
Installation Gallery 1 - drainage pipe 2 - central heating mains 3 - telephone cables 4 - consoles 5 - prefabricated reinforced concrete panels 6 - concrete foundation Sewer Networks Design