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Alternatives to Marriage. Categories of Singles % of Total Population. 1970 1999 M F M F Divorced 2.5% 4% 8.5% 11% Widowed 3% 14% 2% 10% Never Married 19% 14% 28% 20%.
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Categories of Singles % of Total Population 1970 1999 M F M F Divorced 2.5% 4% 8.5% 11% Widowed 3% 14% 2% 10% Never Married 19% 14% 28% 20%
4 Social Factors that Encourage Young People to Postpone Marriage • Changes in the Economy a. harder for men to play the “Breadwinner” role b. greater job and career opportunities for women
4 Social Factors the Encourage Young People to Postpone Marriage • Improved Methods of Contraceptive • Demographic Factors relating to Sex Ratio a. Changes in historic patterns b. The MARRIAGE SQUEEZE
4 Social Factors the Encourage Young People to Postpone Marriage 4. Changing Attitudes Towards Marriage/ Singlehood a. desirability of marriage has NOT changed * instead-change in attitude towards permanence of marriage not the value of marriage
The biggest change in attitudes has to do with single people's attitudes toward being single
Exchange Perspective the recent favorable change in attitudes towards singlehood reflects changes in the rewards and costs associated with both marriage and singlehood
* Companionship * Shared economic resources * Social approval Carter and Sokol Reasons to partner Reasons to stay single * Varied sexual partners * Economic autonomy * Independence
SHOSTAKS' TYPOLOGY key dimensions: singles attitudes toward marriage
SHOSTAKS' TYPOLOGY 1. Resolved singles 2. Wishful singles 3. Ambivalent singles 4. Regretful singles
STEIN’S TYPOLOGY key dimensions: “…is status freely chosen?” stability
STEIN’S TYPOLOGY 1. Involuntary Temporary 2. Involuntary Stable 3. Voluntary Temporary 4. Voluntary Stable
Continuum of Social Attachment (Ross) Not all singles are socially unattached, disconnected, or isolated. Key: intimate, supportive relationship(s)