English for Communications Engineering

1. English for Communications Engineering Prof. Deli Qiao School of Information Science & Technology

2. Instructor Information • Office: 245 • Email: dlqiao@ce.ecnu.edu.cn • Phone: 54345492 • Office Hours: Wed. 0:30pm~1:30pm

3. Brief Introduction • Ordinary English • English so far! • Listening, Speaking, Reading, and Writing • CET-4, CET-6, TOEFEL, IELTS, GRE, etc. • English for Communications Engineering • Major specific • Vocabulary, Grammar • Writing style: Objective, Accuracy, Concise Common vs. Formal

4. Brief Introduction

5. Brief Introduction • Why study the technical English for this major? • Up-to-date technology advances, especially prestigious work in English (Reading + Translation) • Patents, Papers (Writing) • Presentation and international cooperation (Listening and Speaking) • Future: Job hunting or graduation study • Objective • Extension of vocabulary in this major • Ability of reading and translating technical materials in English • Capability in writing technical papers

6. Brief Introduction • How? • Improve your skills in common English. • Read more technical documents such as textbooks, papers, and tech. • Memorize more vocabulary. • Read loudly to let your head become familiar with English. • Radios, dramas, and movies in English. • Practice makes perfect.

7. Outline • Introduction • Grammar, Vocabulary, Symbol and Formula • Information Inquiry • Database • Reading Technical Materials • Communications, Signal processing, Networks, etc. • Technical Writing • How to write a technical paper • Latex • Software

8. Related Reading Materials • www.lib.ecnu.edu.cn (English textbooks/magazines) • ieeexplore.ieee.org (Technical papers) • Writing and Presenting in English (Technical Writing) • tex.stackexchange.com (Latex)

9. Grades • Quiz (20%) • Basics/translation (5-10 times) • Project (20%) • Read one technical paper/textbook/magazine (no less than 10 pages) throughout this semester, and write a report in English regarding your understanding following the technical style • Or translate one technical paper/textbook/magazine (no less than 10 pages) • Final Exam (60%)

10. In-Class Rule • Shutdown smartphone and DONOT put on desk! • No FOOD/DRINK in class and put your drinking bottle aside the desk! • No mutual conversation ! • Make notes and Review frequently! • Practice makes perfect!

11. Outline • Introduction • Grammar, Vocabulary, Symbol and Formula • Information Inquiry • Database • Reading Technical Materials • Communications, Signal processing, Networks, etc. • Technical Writing • How to write a technical paper • Latex • Software

12. Introduction • Grammar Features • Generally be objective, accurate, and concise • Passive sentence (被动语句) • Non-finite verbs (非限定动词) • Postpositive attribute (后置定语) • Nominalization structure (名词化结构) • Long sentence (长句) • Elliptical sentence (省略句) • Imperative sentence and formulaic (祈使句及公式化表达) • Conditional sentence (条件句) • “It” sentence (it语句)

13. Introduction • Passive sentence (被动语句) • Generally, the subject is the objective phenomena or things. • Emphasized. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers was first observed in 1976 by Lin and Stolen for pumping in the normal group-velocity dispersion (GVD) regime of standard silica fiber. A novel kind of all-solid photonic bandgap fiber (AS-PBGF) has been used in the master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) structured Er/Yb co-doped pulsed fiber amplifier to suppress the Yb band parasitic lasing for the power scaling and safety operation.

14. Introduction • Non-finite verbs (非限定动词) • Gerund (动名词), participle (分词), infinitive (动词不定式). • Avoid complex sentence structure. • Gerund (动名词) • Participle (分词) The signal should be filtered before being amplified. Conducting electricity means the flow of electrons through an object. • The transistor, which is working with correctly polarities, can work as an amplifier. • The transistor working with correctly polarities can work as an amplifier.

15. Introduction • Infinitive (动词不定式) • The capacity of individual generators is larger and larger so that the increasing demand of electric power is satisfied. • The capacity of individual generators is larger and larger to satisfythe increasing demand of electric power. To increase the output power of Er/Yb co-doped fiber lasers, the Yb-ASE should be controlled.

16. Introduction • Postpositive attribute (后置定语) • All radiant energies have wavelike characteristics, which are analogous to those of waves moving through water. • All radiant energies have wavelike characteristics analogous tothose of waves moving through water. • The instruments present include some digital ones which are relative to DSPs. • The instruments present include some digital ones relative toDSPs.

17. Introduction • Postpositive attribute (后置定语) • Adjective or adjective phrase (形容词或形容词短语) • Prepositional phrase (介词短语) • Adverb (副词) • Participle (分词) • Fixer (定语从句) In this factory the only fuel available is coal. The forces due to friction are called frictional forces. The air outside pressed the side in. The results obtained must be cheeked. During construction, problems often arise which require design changes.

18. Introduction • Nominalization structure (名词化结构) • Nominalized verbs(名词化动词)+ • Make sentences compact, concise, and inclusive the transmission and reception of images by radio waves the generation of heat by friction

19. Introduction • Long sentence (长句) • Several phrases (短语) and subordinate clause (从句) are used to express the internal relationship of different things clearly and completely. It has been mentioned above that the electrons in a metal are able to move freely through the metal, that their motion constitutes an electric current in the metal and thatthey play an important part in conduction of heat.

20. Introduction • Elliptical sentence (省略句) • Avoid the repetition in sentences for conciseness. • The first treatment would require a minimum of 48 hours, while the secondtreatment would requireonly 26 hours. • The first treatment would require a minimum of 48 hours, while the second only 26 hours. As previously mentioned 前已提到 If possible (necessary)如果可能（必要） If so 倘若如此 When needed (necessary)必要时 Where feasible 在实际可行的场合 Where possible 在可能的情况下 As already discussed 前已讨论 As explained before 前已解释 As described above 如上所示 As shown in Fig.1 如图1所示 As indicated in table 2 如表2所说明的

21. Introduction • Imperative sentence and formulaic (祈使句及公式化表达) • Usually used in the derivations of formulas. • Let…, Make…, Assume that…, Suppose that …, etc. The wavelength and power of the signal to be amplified are assumed to be 1550nm and 1W throughout this paper. V is the normalized parameter of the core defined as V = 2πaNAcore/λ Suppose that P=0 at x=y.

22. Introduction • Conditional sentence (条件句) • Usually used in the theoretical analysis and derivations of formulas. • If…, Under …, etc. If the fiber length is also optimized, the amplified auxiliary Yb signal can be almost totally reabsorbed and there will be no disturbing Yb signal being outputted.

23. Introduction • “It” sentence (it语句) • Avoid long phrases or sentences to be the object. It is very important (possible, necessary, natural, inevitable) to… It is clear (possible, necessary, natural, inevitable, evident) that… It has been proved that… It should be mentioned that It must be admitted that… ……

24. Introduction • Other commonly used grammar Calculations indicated that …计算表明… Results demonstrate that …结果证明… Fig. 2 illustrates …图2表明了… This implies that …这意味着… … …

25. Introduction • Vocabulary • Major specific vacabulary • Prefix and Postfix • Shortening • Symbol and Formula

26. Introduction • Prefix

27. Introduction • Prefix

28. Introduction • Prefix

29. Introduction • Postfix

30. Introduction • Postfix

31. Introduction • Postfix

32. Introduction • Postfix

33. Introduction • Rootword

34. Introduction • Shortening • Initials (首字母) RE — resource element 资源单位 LTE — Long term evolution 长期演进 MIMO — Multiple input multiple output 多输入多输出 OFDM— Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing 正交频分复用 ASTM — The Optical Society of America 美国光学学会 LED — light emitting diode 发光二极管 ppm — parts per million 百万分之一 WDM —  Wavelength Division Multiplexing 波分复用

35. Introduction • Shortening • Acronyms (缩略语) ROM—read only memory 只读存储器 Radar—Radio Detection And Ranging (无线电探测与定位) 雷达 TOEFL—Test of English as a Foreign Language 非英语国家英语水平考试 Laser —Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation 激光

36. Introduction • Shortening • Clipped words (节略词) fig. — figure图 ref. — reference 参考文献 lab — laboratory 实验室 exam — examination 考试，检查 Kilo — kilogram 千克、公斤

37. Introduction • Shortening • abbreviation(缩写词) et al.—(et alii/alia 【拉】)= and another以及其他 etc. —(et cetera 【拉】）= and so on 等等 e.g. —（exempli gratia【拉】） = for example 例如 i.e. —(id est 【拉】) = that is 即，就是 viz .—(videlicet【拉】) = namely 即 vs. = versus 对…… via = by way of 经由

38. Introduction • Symbol and Formula • Prefix for unit (单位前缀) • Decimal, fraction, percentage (小数，分数，百分数) • Power, root (幂，根) • Mathematical operators (数学运算符号)

39. Introduction • Prefix for unit (单位前缀)

40. Introduction • Prefix for unit (单位前缀)

41. Introduction • Decimal, fraction, percentage (小数，分数，百分数)

42. Introduction • Decimal, fraction, percentage (小数，分数，百分数)

43. Introduction • Power, root (幂，根) the second power of x, : x square, x squared , the square of x, x to the second power :y cube, y cubed, the third power of y, y to the third power the cube of y, :the nth power of a , a to the n power : the square root o f three : the cube (third ) root of a :the nth root of a

44. Introduction • Mathematical operators (数学运算符号)

45. Introduction • Mathematical operators (数学运算符号)

46. Introduction

47. Introduction

48. Introduction

49. Introduction