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Phage Applications in Food Production and Safety

Discover the fascinating world of bacteriophages (phages), viruses that attack bacteria and play a key role in balancing bacterial populations in ecosystems. Learn about their history, potential applications in food safety, cosmetics, and more. Explore the safety and natural benefits of phage products.

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Phage Applications in Food Production and Safety

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  1. Alexander Sulakvelidze, Ph.D.Intralytix, Inc.9th Euro-Global Summit & Expo on Food & Beverages July 11-13, 2016 Cologne, Germany Bacteriophage Applications in Food Production and Processing

  2. Bacteriophages / Phages • Viruses that attack bacteria • Estimated 3 billion years old • Discovered by Felix d’Herelle (1917) • D'Herelle coined the name bacteriophage (bacteria-eater) • Most ubiquitous organisms in nature • Highly specific for bacterial host • Play a key role in maintaining balanced bacterial populations in all ecosystems where bacteria exist

  3. Phages are small…

  4. Arguably Most Ubiquitous Organisms on Earth • 10 Phage per microbe • In the U.S.A., approx. 3 x 109 coliphages shed per person per day • 1 mL of non-polluted water contains 2x108 PFU of phages • Total number of phages on Earth is estimated to be 1x1030 – 1x1032 (100 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 phages) - outweigh the world population of elephants by a thousand-fold or more • Phages have been found in commercial sera and human vaccines • Phages are common in human mouth (e.g., dental plaque and saliva) • The second most abundant category of microorganisms in human GI tract (after bacteria) • Phages are common in foods (likely in 100% of non-processed foods)

  5. Lytic vs. Temperate Phages Source: ASM Microbe, March 2011

  6. Replication Cycle of Lytic Phage Source: ASM Microbe, March 2011

  7. Timing of Lysis Source: Karam JD et al (ed.), Molecular Biology of Bacteriophage T4, ASM Press, Washington, DC

  8. History of Safe Use First therapeutic application in 1919 First published report on therapeutic use in 1921 In 1930-1940s, Eli Lilly and Co. manufactured several therapeutic phage products, including preparations against Staphylococci and Streptococci From the 1920s to the current day, phage products have been utilized in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union to treat bacterial infections Russian and German Armies routinely used phage preparations to treat wounded soldiers 9

  9. Potential Applications • Food safety • “Green” industrial and household cleaners / bio-pesticides • Probiotic products / phage preparations for fine-tuning GI microbiome • Cosmetics and dental care (including probiotic preparations) • Pet food & food supplements • Hospital decontamination & biofilm reduction • Plant infections • Animal health products (bacterins & drugs) • Drugs / human therapeutics (e.g., wound infections) • Diagnostic uses • Phage enzymes

  10. ListShieldTM (LMP-102) • First phage products ever to be approved by the FDA for direct food applications (2006) • Also approved by the EPA for cleaning surfaces in food processing plants and other food establishments • All-natural. Halal, Kosher, and OMRI-listed (“organic”).

  11. First Phage Product Approved by the FDA This box contains a solution of 100% naturally occurring, Listeria-munching bacteriophages. Good to animals and plants. Good to the environment. And good to you. Safety by nature.TM

  12. Phages on the … Sopranos

  13. Phages on CNN

  14. Phages Do Not Alter Normal Microflora Bluesquares – controls Redtriangles–phage-treatedanimals Source: Mai et al. Bacteriophage, Volume 5, Issue 4, 2015

  15. Panel A: SalmoFresh™ treated stainless steel and glass surfaces contaminated with serotype Kentucky S800; Panel B: SalmoFresh™ treated glass surfaces contaminated with serotypes Brandenburg S806 or Paratyphi B S661; Panel C: SalmoLyse™ treated glass surfaces contaminated with serotypes Brandenburg S806 or Paratyphi B S661; Panel D: SalmoLyse™ treated stainless steel and glass surfaces contaminated with serotype Kentucky S800. From: Bacteriophage, Volume 3, issue 3

  16. Phage cocktails can be rapidly updated From: Bacteriophage, Volume 3, issue 3

  17. Intralytix phages are produced using state-of-the-art production technologies

  18. For More Information: www.intralytix.com http://www.cfsan.fda.gov http://www.asm.org/division/M/M.html Alexander “Sandro” Sulakvelidze asulakvelidze@intralytix.com 410-625-2533 Safety By Nature™

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