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Hand-tools / Power-tools Questions. Do not include in your answer these machines. Radial arm-saw; Jointer; Planer; Table saw; Band saw. . Hand-tools. Hand tools are divided in three groups:. MARKING TOOLS CUTTING TOOLS ASSEMBLY TOOLS. MARKING-OUT. TAPE MEASURE. COMPASS. CUTTING.
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Hand-tools / Power-tools Questions Do not include in your answer these machines Radial arm-saw; Jointer; Planer; Table saw; Band saw.
Hand-tools Hand tools are divided in three groups: • MARKING TOOLS • CUTTING TOOLS • ASSEMBLY TOOLS
MARKING-OUT TAPE MEASURE COMPASS
ASSEMBLY NOTE: HAND DRILL
Hand Power Tools Examples of hand power tools used in the shop are: NOTE: CIRCULAR SANDER
OTHER MACHINES IN THE SHOP Examples other machinesused in the shop are:
SIX MAJOR STEPS IN MANUFACTURING A PROJECT • Design, sketches, ideas. • Planning: Working drawing, materials’ list. • Measuring, and marking. • Cutting. • Assembly. • Sanding, and finish.
TYPES OF NAILS Draw, name, and describe its use. • Wire brad, used in upholstery. • Finish nail, used in small projects. • Box nail, used for light construction projects. • Roof nail, used to fix asphalt roof shingles in construction. • Common nail, used in rough carpentry in construction. • Spikes, very large used in construction
Hardwoods and Softwoods • Softwoods come from coniferous, or cone-bearing, trees. Common examples are pine, fir, cedar, and redwood. • Hardwoods are cut from deciduous trees. A deciduous tree sheds its leaves during cold or very dry seasons. Some common hardwoods are walnut, maple, birch, cherry, and oak.
Air Seasoning • Green lumber contains a lot of moisture, so it must be dried. In an outdoor storage yard each piece is restacked so air can circulate between the pieces. The air seasoning may take from six months to two years. Wood that contains no more than 19 percent moisture is sold as dry lumber.
Dry kiln • Another method of drying wood is by taking top grades of lumber to huge ovens called dry kilns for final moisture removal. From the dry kiln, the lumber may go to cooling sheds and then to dry sheds for storage, or it may go to the planing mill for surfacing.
How are materials made? • MDF- Medium density fiberboard. Is made out of resin soaked particles of wood glued together under very high pressure. Used for furniture and cabinets • Particle Board- Made by bonding wood fibers and particles with resin, under very high pressure, used in counter-tops, and shelving • Plywood- Made by gluing thin layers of veneers (plies) to a core layer of solid wood (fiberboard or particle board). The grain of the layers is alternated for strength. How are trees classified? What is air and kiln seasoning? What information should you provide in a Materials List? Name of the part; dimensions (thickness, width, and length); type of wood
Information Included in a Materials List • Number of pieces • Name of the piece • Dimensions (Thickness-width-length) • Type of wood We should include in our Materials’ List, the following information: (Include the following in columns, and in the order shown below)