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Amorphous and Semi-Crystalline Engineering Thermoplastics Materials, properties and applications.

Amorphous and Semi-Crystalline Engineering Thermoplastics Materials, properties and applications. Prepared by the IAPD Education Committee (Module 4) Presented courtesy of Modern Plastics Inc. Amorphous Engineering Thermoplastics Key Characteristics.

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Amorphous and Semi-Crystalline Engineering Thermoplastics Materials, properties and applications.

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  1. Amorphous and Semi-Crystalline Engineering Thermoplastics Materials, properties and applications. Prepared by the IAPD Education Committee (Module 4) Presented courtesy of Modern Plastics Inc. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  2. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  3. Amorphous Engineering ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Moderate cost, strength and temperature resistance • Good impact resistance • Translucency • Good dimensional stability • Excellent optical qualities The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  4. Amorphous Engineering ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polycarbonate (PC) • Polyphenylene Oxide (PPO) • Polyphenelyne Ether (PPE) • Thermoplastic Urethane (TPU) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  5. Polycarbonate (PC)Strengths • Excellent clarity • Excellent toughness • Good heat resistance • Excellent electrical properties • Intrinsic flame-retardancy • Excellent strength The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  6. Polycarbonate (PC)Limitations • Continual exposure to hot water causes gradual embitterment • Most aromatic solvents, esters and ketones can cause crazing and cracking The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  7. Polycarbonate (PC)Applications • Vandal resistant windows • Machine guards • Outdoor signs • Sky lights • Backboards • Bike, roller blading protective wear The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  8. Modified Polyphenylene Oxide (Mod PPO) Modified Polyphenylene Ether (Mod PPE) Key Characteristics • High dielectric strength • Available in FDA compliant grades • Less expensive than polycarbonate (PC) • Good chemical resistance to strong acids, bases and water • Wide range of processing • Good creep resistance The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  9. Modified Polyphenylene Oxide (Mod PPO) Modified Polyphenylene Ether (Mod PPE) Applications • Electrical housings in appliance, computers, business equipment, etc. • Water purification equipment parts • Insulators • Gears The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  10. Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU)Key Characteristics • Wide range of service temperatures • Wide range of harness options • Excellent tear resistance • Excellent compression strength • Excellent resistance to non polar solvents • Excellent electrical properties • Excellent abrasion resistance • High tensile strength The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  11. Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU)Applications • Impact resistant housings • Valves • Water filter caps • Geophysical cable spacer The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  12. Semi-Crystalline Engineering ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Moderate cost, strength • Moderate temperature resistance • Good chemical resistance • Good bearing and wear properties • Low COF • Difficult to bond The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  13. Semi-Crystalline Engineering ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polyamide (PA) — Nylon • Polyoxymethylene (POM) — Acetal • Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) • Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) • Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  14. Nylon (PA)Strengths • Good strength • Good toughness • Fair heat resistance • Good chemical resistance • Low COF The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  15. Strong acidic environments Areas where moisture absorption is of concern Areas experiencing high operating temperatures Nylon (PA)Limitations The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  16. Film Automotive Electrical/electronics Consumer goods Nylon (PA) Applications The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  17. Cast PA vs. Extruded PA • Extruded nylon can be produced in almost any grade • Cast nylon grades are limited to Type 6, Type 6 1/2 and some Type 12 • Generally Nylon 6/6 and Nylon 6 (cast or extruded) are interchangeable in most applications (physical property differences are minor) • Nylon 6/6 is stronger and stiffer than Nylon 6, and has more resistance to compression • Nylon 6 has better elongation values than Nylon 6/6, providing better ductility • Cast Nylon can be produced in large profiles and custom shapes, and is generally less expensive than extruded grades The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  18. Acetal (POM)Strengths • Good dimensional stability • Good wear resistance • Excellent strength • Excellent stiffness • Good rigidity • Low moisture absorption • Low COF The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  19. Acetal (POM)Limitations • Centerline porosity in copolymers • Using copolymer in hot water environments (boiling/steam) • Strong acidic environments • Strong alkali environments • Areas experiencing high operating temperatures The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  20. Bearings Bushings Valve seats Washers Nozzles Spools Cams Acetal (POM)Applications The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  21. Thermoplastic PolyestersKey Characteristics • Good range of mechanical properties • Good dimensional stability • Superior chemical resistance • Good electrical properties The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  22. Thermoplastic Polyesters Materials • Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) • Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  23. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)Key Characteristics • High dimensional stability under heat • High stiffness and hardness • Good bearing strength • Good electrical properties • Good resistance to chemicals • Good stress-cracking resistance • Excellent flow characteristics The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  24. Pump components Automotive components Food packaging components Insulators Thermoplastic PolyestersApplications The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  25. Thermoplastic PolyestersCaution! Watch high temperature environments! Use caution when recommending thermoplastic polyesters in applications requiring high temperature resistance, above 93-121oC/200-250oF. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  26. Ultra High Molecular Weight PE (UHMW-PE)Strengths • Highest abrasion resistance and impact strength of any plastic • Very low COF • Excellent cryogenic (low temperature) material • Self-lubricating • FDA/USDA compliant The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  27. Ultra High Molecular Weight PE (UHMW-PE)Limitations • Only good until 82oC/180oF • Not a self-supporting material • High cost for tooling for custom extrusion and custom parts The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  28. Ultra High Molecular Weight PE (UHMW-PE)Applications • Guides • Wear strips • Liners The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

  29. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 4

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