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The People’s Republic of China Japan: From Defeat to Dominance to Doubt

The People’s Republic of China Japan: From Defeat to Dominance to Doubt III. Korea: A Nation Divided IV. Southeast Asia V. The Subcontinent VI. Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands. I. The People’s Republic of China

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The People’s Republic of China Japan: From Defeat to Dominance to Doubt

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  1. The People’s Republic of China Japan: From Defeat to Dominance to Doubt III. Korea: A Nation Divided IV. Southeast Asia V. The Subcontinent VI. Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands

  2. I. The People’s Republic of China • A. The Communist Victory Guomindang (Nationalist) government • Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kaishek) • Communists • Mao Zedong • 1949: defeat of Nationalists • October 1, 1949: • People’s Republic of China • B. Mao’s Government • Chinese Communist Party (CCP) • Central Committee • Politburo • Collectivization • “Hundred Flowers” • against corruption • Great Leap Forward, 1958 • rural development • leads to malnutrition, death • failure leads to new leadership • Liu Shaoqi • Zhou Enlai

  3. I. The People’s Republic of China C. The Cultural Revolution • Red Guards • against old ideas, art • Liu Shaoqi imprisoned • Zhou Enlai (1898–1976) • D. Deng Xiaoping’s Pragmatic Reforms • 1976, death of Mao and Zhou • Gang of Four • Jiang Qing, Mao’s widow • trial • Deng Xiaoping • Hu Yaobang, Zhao Ziyang • Four Modernizations • May 4, 1989, Tiananmen Square • Li Peng, Prime Minister • Zhao Ziyang out • Jiang Zemin • (I. The People’s Republic of China) • E. China in the 1990s and Beyond • Hu Zintao, 2002 • Hong Kong • 1984, Great Britain’s lease ends • Taiwan • Guomindang since 1949 • 2000, Independent party in Singapore • People’s Action Party

  4. II. Japan: From Defeat to Dominance to Doubt • A. Postwar Japan • Occupation • Tojo Hideki • executed • Civil rights for women • vote 1946 • B. Political and Social Change Liberal Democratic Party, 1995 • Junichiro Koisumi • C. Economic Dominance and Doubt

  5. III.  Korea: A Nation Divided  A. The Politics of Decolonization, Occupation, and Division     Invaded by Japan, 1910–1945 Yŏ Un-hyŏng Committee for the Preparation of Korean Independence (CPKI) Korean People’s Republic U.S., Soviets: divide Korea at 38th parallel • Syngman Rhee, president, August 1948 Kim Ilsŏng, Premier of Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) • Start of War: June 25, 1950 Armistice signed, July 1953

  6. (B.   North Korea and South Korea) • 1997, Kim Taejung • “Sunshine Policy” • North Korea • Roh Moo Hyun • III.  Korea: A Nation Divided      B.  North Korea and South Korea North Korea • Kim family, since 1948 General Kim Ilsŏng (1948–1994) 1994, Kim Jongil • South Korea Pak Chŏnghŏi, 1961–1979 • Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) • 1970s, 1980s • chaebŏl 1972, Constitution suspended • Yushin Constitution • 1979, Pak killed • Chŏn Tuhwan • 1980, Gwangju uprising • Minjung movement • No Tae’u • 1993, Kim Yŏngsam

  7. C. Thailand • King Chulalongkorn • King Bhumipol • D. Vietnam Bao Dai • French support • Ho Chi Minh • Democratic Republic of Vietnam • Geneva Conference, 1954 • division at 17th parallel • South Vietnam • Ngo Dinh Diem • National Liberation Front • U.S. sends troops • 1973, withdrawal • North Vietnam victorious • communist • IV. Southeast Asia • A. Indonesia Independence Netherlands, 1949, 87% Muslim, Achmed Sukarno T. N. J. Suharto 1998, forced out • 2004, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono • East Timor • plebiscite • Aceh, Sumatra • 2005, peace with central government • B. Malaysia  Complex racial mix: Malays, Muslims, • Buddhists, Chinese, Hindu Indians • Mohamad Mahathir, 1981–2003 • Abdullah Ahmad Badawi 

  8. IV. Southeast Asia • E. Cambodia (Kampuchea) Khmer Rouge, Pol Pot, 1975–1979 Norodam Sihanouk F. Myanmar (Burma) • Military junta •   G. Philippines Ferdinand Marcos  • 2004, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

  9. V. The Subcontinent A. Partition Muhammad Ali Jinnah East and West      B. India: The World’s Largest Democracy Jawaharlal Nehru • Nasser, Non-aligned Nations Movement Indira Gandhi Tamils in Sri Lanka Sikhs in Punjab assassinate Gandhi, 1984 Rajiv Gandhi, 1984–1989 assassinated, 1991 Prime Minister P. V. Narasimhia Rao Bharatiya Janata party (BJP), Hindu nationalist party

  10. V. The Subcontinent C. Pakistan East Pakistan > Bangladesh, 1972 Zulkifar Ali Bhutto Benazir Bhutto  D. The Pakistan-Afghanistan Connection • 1979, Soviet Union Osama bin Laden, al-Qaeda 1988, civil war in Afghanistan Taliban, late 1990s allied with Osama bin Laden World Trade Center, Pentagon attacked 2001, Indian parliament

  11. VI. Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Islands • AustraliaAPEC • Robert Menzies, 1949–1966 • 1972, Gough Whitlam • B. New Zealand • APEC • 1985, Treaty of Waitangi • C. The Pacific Islands • Global warming

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