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Chapter 22

Chapter 22. Fungi. What are Fungi?. Fungi have threadlike bodies. Fungal cell walls contain chitin. Chitin – a tough carbohydrate that is also found in the hard outer covering of insects and other organisms. Fungi are heterotrophic. Structure and Function.

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Chapter 22

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  1. Chapter 22 Fungi

  2. What are Fungi? • Fungi have threadlike bodies. • Fungal cell walls contain chitin. • Chitin – a tough carbohydrate that is also found in the hard outer covering of insects and other organisms. • Fungi are heterotrophic.

  3. Structure and Function • A typical fungal body is made of filaments that allow the fungus to have a large surface area to absorb nutrients efficiently.

  4. Body Structure • Hyphae – a filament of a fungus. • The cells of hyphae are haploid, are almost identical, and generally perform the same functions. • Mycelium – the mass of fungal filaments that forms the fungal body • Rhizoids – root-like structures sometimes formed by hyphae.

  5. Obtaining Nutrients Fungi that absorb nutrients from dead organisms = saprobes *Fungi that absorb nutrients from living hosts are called parasites.

  6. Reproduction • In sexual reproduction, spores are produced by meiosis. In asexual reproduction, spores are produced by mitosis. • Sexual Reproduction • Occurs when hyphae from one fungus fuse with hyphae from a fungus of the opposite mating type. • Asexual Reproduction • Spores are produced at the end of specialized stalks that have been produced by specialized hyphae.

  7. Yeast and Mold • Yeast • Species of fungi that exist primarily in a unicellular state. • Usually reproduce by budding. • Under very specific conditions may produce sexually. • Mold • Rapidly growing, asexually reproducing stage of some fungi. • “mold” refers only to the asexual phase.

  8. Assignment • Pg 523, 1-5. Write out the question and the answer for all of these assignments. • Read pg. 524-528 and do pg. 528, 1-5. • Read pg. 529-531 and do pg. 531, 1-6. • Do pg. 535, 3-17. Pg. 536, #25. and Pg. 537, 1-11 all. (Due on Friday, 5/7 at the beginning of the hour)

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