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Where do babies come from? As is well known, storks bring newborns. Here’s my evidence:

Where do babies come from? As is well known, storks bring newborns. Here’s my evidence:.

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Where do babies come from? As is well known, storks bring newborns. Here’s my evidence:

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  1. Where do babies come from? As is well known, storks bring newborns. Here’s my evidence: Data adapted by Box, Hunter, and Hunter from G. Fischer, OrnithologischeMonatsberichte, vol. 44, no. 2, Jahrgang, 1936, Berlin and vol. 48, No. 1, Jahrgang, 1940, Berlin, and StatistichesJahrbuchDeutscherGemeinden, 27-33, Jahrgang, 1932-1938.

  2. Where do babies come from? As is well known, storks bring newborns. Here’s my evidence: Data adapted by Box, Hunter, and Hunter from G. Fischer, OrnithologischeMonatsberichte, vol. 44, no. 2, Jahrgang, 1936, Berlin and vol. 48, No. 1, Jahrgang, 1940, Berlin, and StatistichesJahrbuchDeutscherGemeinden, 27-33, Jahrgang, 1932-1938. The correlation is 0.94.

  3. Does correlation = causation? • The population of Oldenburg grew steadily in the 1930’s. • As the population increased, there was more building construction, providing more nesting places for storks. • As the population increased, there were more people to have babies.

  4. Does correlation = causation? • The population of Oldenburg grew steadily in the 1930’s. • As the population increased, there was more building construction, providing more nesting places for storks. • As the population increased, there were more people to have babies.

  5. Is population a lurking variable?

  6. Example of confounding: Smoking in pregnancy is associated with lower birth weights.

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