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Chapter 6

Chapter 6. Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques. INTRODUCTION. When developing a new system, you have 3 “who” choices… Insourcing – IT specialists inside your organization Selfsourcing – do-it-yourself approach many end users take with little or no help from IT specialists

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Chapter 6

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  1. Chapter 6 Systems Development: Phases, Tools, and Techniques

  2. INTRODUCTION • When developing a new system, you have 3 “who” choices… • Insourcing – IT specialists inside your organization • Selfsourcing – do-it-yourself approach many end users take with little or no help from IT specialists • Outsourcing – a third-party organization (i.e., let someone do the work and pay them for it)

  3. INSOURCING AND THE SDLC • Systems development life cycle (SDLC) - a structured step-by-step approach for developing information systems • 7 distinct phases • Also called a waterfall methodology, an approach in which each phase of the SDLC is followed by another, from planning through implementation

  4. SDLC Phases & Major Activities

  5. COMPONENT-BASED DEVELOPMENT • The SDLC focuses only on the project at hand • Component-based development (CBD) – focuses on building small self-contained blocks of code (components) that can be reused across a variety of applications • Using already-developed components • Building new components as needed

  6. RAD and Extreme Programming RAD Extreme Programming

  7. SELFSOURCING • Selfsourcing (end-user development) – the development and support of IT systems by end users with little or no help from IT specialists • Do-it-yourself systems development approach • Can relieve IT specialists of the burden of developing many smaller systems

  8. Selfsourcing Approach

  9. PROTOTYPING • Prototype – a model of a proposed product, service, or system • Prototyping - the process of building a model that demonstrates the features of a proposed product, service, or system • Proof-of-concept prototype - prove the technical feasibility of a proposed system • Selling prototype - used to convince people of the worth of a proposed system

  10. The Prototyping Process

  11. OUTSOURCING • Outsourcing – the delegation of specified work to a third party for a specified length of time, at a specified cost, and at a specified level of service • The third “who” option of systems development, after insourcing and selfsourcing

  12. Outsourcing Options

  13. Outsourcing Process When outsourcing, you’ll develop two vitally important documents – a request for proposal and a service level agreement

  14. Outsourcing – RFP • Request for proposal (RFP) – formal document that describes in excruciating detail your logical requirements for a proposed system and invites outsourcing organizations to submit bids for its development • In outsourcing, you must tell another organization what you want developed; you do that with an RFP • Therefore, the RFP must be very detailed • Some RFPs can take years to develop

  15. Outsourcing Options • There are three different forms of outsourcing: • Onshore outsourcing -the process of engaging another company within the same country for services • Nearshore outsourcing - contracting an outsourcing arrangement with a company in a nearby country • Offshore outsourcing - contracting with a company that is geographically far away

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