chapter

1. chapter 1 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND MANAGEMENT

2. 2 What is an Organization? An organization is a collection of people who work together to achieve individual and organizational goals.

3. 3 What is Organizational Behavior? Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of factors that affect how individuals and groups act in organizations and how organizations manage their environments.

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6. 6 What is Management? Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling an organization’s human, financial, material, and other resources to increase its effectiveness.

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8. 8 Managerial Roles • Manager: Any person who supervises one or more subordinates. • Role: A set of behaviors or tasks a person is expected to perform because of the position he or she holds in a group or organization. • Managerial roles identified by Mintzberg (see Table 1.1): Figurehead Leader Liaison Monitor Disseminator Spokesperson Entrepreneur Disturbance handler Resource allocator Negotiator

9. 9 Managerial Skills • Conceptual Skills: The ability to analyze and diagnose a situation and distinguish between cause and effect. • Human Skills: The ability to understand, work with, lead, and control the behavior of other people and groups. • Technical Skills: Job-specific knowledge and techniques.

10. 10 Challenges for Organizational Behaviorand Management • Using new information technology to enhance creativity and organizational learning. • Managing human resources to increase competitive advantage. • Developing organizational ethics and well-being. • Managing a diverse work force. • Managing the global environment.

11. 11 Challenge 1:Using New Information Technology toEnhance Creativity and Organizational Learning • Information technology: The computer systems and software that organizations use to speed the flow of information around an organization and to better link people and subunits within it. • Creativity: The decision-making process that produces novel and useful ideas that lead to new or improved goods and services or to improvements in the way they are produced.

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13. 13 New Ways to Increase Performance • Reengineering: A complete rethinking and redesign of business processes to increase efficiency, quality, innovation, or responsiveness to customers. • Restructuring: Altering an organization’s structure (e.g., by eliminating a department) to streamline the organization’s operations and reduce costs. • Outsourcing: Acquiring goods or services from sources outside the organization. • Freelancers: Independent individuals who contract with an organization to perform specific services.

14. 14 Challenge 3Developing Organizational Ethics and Well-Being • Ethics: Rules, beliefs, and values that outline the ways in which managers and workers should behave when confronted with a situation in which their actions may help or harm other people inside of or outside an organization. • Well-being: The condition of being happy, healthy, and prosperous. • Social responsibility: An organization’s moral responsibility toward individuals or groups outside the organization that are affected by its actions.

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16. Fairness and Justice Decision Making and Performance Flexibility 16 Diversity Challenges