Global Wind Patterns and Weather & Weather Basic

1. Global Wind Patterns and Weather &Weather Basic

2. Conduction • The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance through contact.

3. Wind • The movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure.

4. Coriolis effect • The deflection of a moving body on the surface of Earth to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

5. Global Wind belt • Atmospheric convection cells on a global scale that move air thousands of kilometers.

6. Intertropical convergence zone (or doldrums) • The low-pressure zone at the equator, where the winds from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres converge. doldrums

7. Horse Latitudes • Belts of high air pressure and descending air with little rain, located at about 30 degrees north and south latitudes.

8. Trade Winds • Winds that blow diagonally westward toward the equator in each hemisphere between 30 degrees north and south latitudes and the equator.

9. Hadley Cells • Atmospheric convection cells that circulate from the equator to 30 degree north and south latitudes

10. Prevailing Westerlies • Surface winds that flow toward the poles in an easterly direction between about 30 degrees to 60 degrees north and south latitudes

11. Ferrel Cells • Atmospheric convection cells that circulate between about 30 degrees to 60 degrees north and south latitudes

12. Polar easterlies • Surface winds that flow in a westerly direction from the poles to latitudes at about 60 degrees north and south

13. Polar Cells • Atmospheric convection cells that circulate above latitudes of 60 degrees north and south.

14. Jet Stream • A current of fast- moving air in the upper atmosphere

15. Polar jet stream (or mid- latitude jet stream) • Narrow band of high- speed winds in the upper atmosphere, at around 12 km above the Earth that occurs where Ferrel cells meet polar cells at about 60 degrees north and south latitudes

16. Polar front • The boundary at which air flowing away from the polar regions collides with warmer air from the lower latitudes

17. Subtropical jet stream • Narrow band of high speed winds in the upper atmosphere, at around 12 km above the surface of Earth that occurs where Hadley cells meet Ferrel cells at about 30 degrees north and south latitudes

18. Air Mass • A large body of air with similar temperature and moisture characteristics throughout

19. Convection • The transfer of heat by vertical movements in the atmosphere as a result of density differences caused by heating from below

20. Orographic • Relating to mountains

21. front • A narrow zone of transition between air masses that contrast in temperature and/ or humidity

22. Cold front • The zone where a cold air mass advances and meets a warm air mass, pushing up the less dense warm air

23. Warm front • The zone where a warm air mass advances and meets a cold air mass, rising over the denser cold air

24. Stationary Front • The zone where a cold and warm air mass meet, but neither one has enough force to move the other

25. Water Vapor • The invisible gaseous state of water in the atmosphere

26. Occluded Front • The zone where a faster moving cold front overtakes a slower moving warm front, causing the warm air to completely lifted off the ground

27. Weather • The atmospheric conditions at a particular time, day to day

28. Temperature • The measure of the average motion of molecules

29. Air pressure • The force of the atmosphere above a given point

30. Relative humidity • The ratio of the amount of water a volume of air holds at a particular temperature compared to how much water the volume of air could hold at that same temperature.