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Human Rights

Human Rights. Human rights: considered basic to life (food, shelter, protection from abuse and torture), Freedom of speech, thought, expression and religion. Health care, basic education, & freedom from economic bondage.

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Human Rights

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  1. Human Rights

  2. Human rights: considered basic to life (food, shelter, protection from abuse and torture), • Freedom of speech, thought, expression and religion. • Health care, basic education, & freedom from economic bondage. • Has become a global movement and has brought change in South Africa’s apartheid, exposed child labour and has been involved in government negotiations with trade (China & Tiananmen square)

  3. United Nations declaration of Human Rights: • Every one has the right to life, liberty and security of the person • No one should be held in slavery, and the slave trade should be prohibited • No one should be subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment. • Every one has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law • No one should be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention. • Everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing by an impartial tribunal in case of any criminal charge against them. • Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence. (John Humphrey)

  4. Women Rights

  5. Person Case • 1929 Women were finally considered persons and could be part of the Senate • 1955 Legislation favouring hiring of men abolished. • 1960 Bill of rights made it illegal to discriminate based on sex

  6. Women’s Issues Today • Pay Equity • Employment Equity • Pornography • LEAF (Women’s Legal Education and Action Fund)

  7. Aboriginals

  8. Aboriginal Rights • 1951 aboriginals bands formed the “Native Indian Brotherhood” to work together on land claims • 1969 White paper • 1982 Assembly of First Nations formed to work on major issues like health, housing, justice and social development • 1997 Delgamuukw v. British Columbia set the test by which first nations could prove land title: Had to prove it exclusively occupied the land prior to Britain declaring sovereignty

  9. Aboriginal Issues Today • Land Claims • Specific • Comprehensive • Poverty • Self Government • Drug and Alcohol abuse • Discrimination • Surveillance • Offences treated harder • Lawyers spend less time on aboriginal cases • More difficult to get parole • Prison • 3% of our population yet make up 11% of federal inmate population, 49% of Manitoba prison population and 72% in Saskatchewan.

  10. Aboriginal Sentencing Circles • A sentencing circle is an attempt to rediscover the traditional Aboriginal method of dealing with members of the community who have broken the law • The circle is made up of the accused, the victim, the families of the accused and the victim, elders and other interested members of the community • A judge and a defence lawyer or prosecutor and/or policeman also sit in the circle.

  11. Rights of Immigrants • 250,000 Immigrants come to Canada each year • 1971 Multiculturalism policy opened up immigration. (1960) • 1976 Immigration act: introduced point system for education skills, personal qualities and occupational demand. • Known terrorist, people who lack funds, convicted criminals, persons convicted of war crimes or those ill. May not enter Canada

  12. Immigrant Discrimination • Selective, • Head tax for Chinese, Chinese exclusion act. • Continuous passage • Fundamental character • Limiting Races • War Discrimination • Enemy aliens • Refugee’s?

  13. Rights of Gay Men and Lesbians • Up till 1861 a person convicted of having sex with another man could receive the death penalty • 1861-1967 Homosexuality was a crime and could result in jail time 10 yrs – Life • 1867 Trudeau famous quote “ There is no place for the state in the bedroom” Homosexuality was decriminalized and abortions and prostitution laws were rewritten. • 1969 Stonewall riot in NY • 1996 government added sexual orientation to the Canadian human rights act.

  14. 1999 same supreme court ruled that same sex couples should receive the same benefits as heterosexual couples • July 20th 2005 Civil marriage act, legalizes same sex marriages

  15. People with disabilities • Legal disabilities: • Brain injuries • Deafness • Mental illness • Developmental disability • Behavioural problems • Epilepsy • Physical disabilities • Substance abuse • Learning problems • Blindness • Obesity • Obesity air france • Barriers: • Access to schools, services and employment • Children born and abandoned

  16. Human Rights Legislation • Discrimination: treating a person unfairly or unequally because of race, religion ability etc… • Stereotyping: having a simplified or generalized portal of a group of people • Prejudice is having a bias towards someone based on the group that they belong to.

  17. Canadian Human Rights Act • 1977 applies to federal government departments, crown corporations, and businesses and industries regulated by the federal government • One can not discriminate based on Race, National or ethnic origin, age, marital status, pardoned criminal conviction, colour, religion, gender, physical or mental disabilities, or sexual orientation.

  18. Provincial Human Rights Codes • All provincial governments have enacted human rights codes that are subject to the “charter of rights and freedoms”

  19. Sexual harassment: • Unwelcome actions or conduct towards another person of a sexual nature, such as repeated rude jokes

  20. Duty to accommodate: • When an employer must remove a barrier to prevent discrimination.

  21. Undue hardship: • When accommodation puts the employer at such a risk either financially or health and safety. Then in makes addressing the employees issue impossible.

  22. Poisoned Environment: • Workplace where the employer allows inappropriate conduct such as racially or sexually offensive jokes, insults or remarks • Bad conditions

  23. Bona fide occupational requirement: • Allows discrimination if it is an essential part of the job.

  24. Affirmative Action: • Gives advantages to groups that have been discriminated upon in the past

  25. Remedies • Intended to put complainants in same position they would have been had the discrimination not occurred. • Ordering a stop to the practice • Ordering the respondent to pay for mental anguish or for losses • Giving back the job or promotion • Ordering organization to adopt human rights programs • Provide human rights anti discrimination training.

  26. Question for you • Who do you go to file a human rights complaint in BC (give contact info) • What process does your complaint follow in BC • http://veehd.com/video/4617342_Documentary-The-Weight-of-Chains-2011-CD-I-HD-PG • http://veehd.com/video/4617335_Documentary-The-Weight-of-Chains-2011-CD-II-HD-PG

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