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Symposium ‘Family focused support programs’. Peter van der Ende, PhD (Senior Researcher/ Lecturere Psychologist ) Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation Hanze University of applied sciences Groningen The Netherlands . Parenting and psychiatric rehabilitation.
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Symposium ‘Family focused support programs’ Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Peter van der Ende, PhD (Senior Researcher/Lecturere Psychologist) Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation Hanze University of applied sciences Groningen The Netherlands Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Parenting and psychiatric rehabilitation Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Content • Supportedparenting: Parentingwith Succes andSatisfaction (PARRS) 2. Pilot Evaluation Research Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Background SupportedParenting • Half of the peoplewith(severe mentalillness) SMI have children1,2 • High barrierfor the use of social services • Mental health professionals needmore skills tosupport theparentalrole • In context of Parental and Family Mental Health Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Example Carla is a single mother with borderline problems. She has been admitted to a psychiatric clinic during half a year and now she is regaining the parenting of her two children from their grandmother. Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
MarrieVenderink and Peter van der Ende 3Program ‘Parenting with Success and Satisfaction’ (PARSS) Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Characteristics • Based on the Psychiatric Rehabilitation framework (Farkas& Anthony, 2012) 4 • (Choose-Get) - Keep • Parent and professional • Partly self-help • Program duration one year Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Three PARSSWorkbooks Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
I. Assessing the actual functioning in the parental role • Who am I and who is my child? • Division and balance between ‘personal time’ and time for my child Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
forparents living togetherwiththeirchildrenIIa. Strengthen the parentalrole • Social demands on the parent • Requirements of the parental role • Resources • Tune expectations to social environment Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
forparents living apart fromtheirchildrenIIbTake back the parentalrole • Parents’ needs • Possible activities • Who has demands and what kind • Who supports Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Pilot Research5 One-year pilot research Experimental group: 12 parents (+12 mental health workers and 7 next of kin) Control group 15 parents (+15 mental health workers and 6 next of kin) Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Research question • What are the effects of the program Parenting with Success and Satisfaction (PARSS) on parental functioning in terms of success, satisfaction, empowerment and quality of life? Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Instruments • Parenting evaluation (Kendall/Bloomfield, 2004) 6 • Psychological Empowerment Scale (Akey,et al, 2000) 7 • Quality of life: EUROQOL-VAS (Brooks, 1996)8 Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
3a. Results • The success in parenting stays the same in both groups. • The satisfaction in parenting is augmented in the experimental group, not in the control group. • Empowerment: the experimental group falls back while the control group improves a little. Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
3b. Results • Quality of life: significant improvement in the intervention group (T-test, p<.05) • All 12 parents and mental health workers positive about the program Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
4 Discussion • PARSS intervention is possibly a useful tool in supporting parents with serious mental illnesses • Guided self-help intervention, could fill an important gap in available psychiatric rehabilitation resources for parents Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
References • Nicholson, J., Biebel, K., Williams, V. F., & Katz-Leavy, J. (2004). Prevalence of parenthood in adults with mental illness: Implications for state and federal policy, programs, and providers. In R. W. Manderscheid & M. J. Henderson (Eds.), Mental health, United States, 2002. DHHS Pub No. (SMA) 3938 (pp. 120–137). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. • Van der Ende, P. C., Van Busschbach, J. T., Wiersma, D., & Korevaar, E. L. (2011). Ouders met ernstige psychische aandoeningen. Epidemiologische gegevens. [Parents with severe mentalillness. Epidemiological data]. Tijdschriftvoor Psychiatrie, 53(11), 851–856 3. Van der Ende, P. C., Venderink, M. M., & Van Busschbach, J. T. (2010). Parenting with success and satisfaction. A rehabilitation intervention for parents with severe mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 61, 416. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.61.4.416 4. Anthony, W. A., & Farkas, M. D. (2012). The essential guide to psychiatric rehabilitation practice. Boston: Boston University Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
References-continued • Van der Ende P.C. ,Van Busschbach J.T., Nicholson J., Korevaar, E.L. ,Van Weeghel, J. (2014). Parenting and psychiatric rehabilitation: Can parents with severe mental illness benefit from a new approach? Accepted by Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal • Kendall, S., & Bloomfield, L. (2005). Developing and validating a tool to measure parenting self-efficacy. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 51(2), 174–181. doi: 10.1111/j.1365- 2648.2005.03479.x • Akey, T. M., Marquis, J. G., & Ross, M. E. (2000). Validation of scores on the Psychological Empowerment Scale: A measure of empowerment for parents of children with a disability. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60(3), 419–438. • Brooks, R. (1996). Euroqol: The current state of play. Health Policy, 37(1), 53–72. doi: 10.1016/0168-8510(96)00822-6 Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Email p.c.van.der.ende@pl.hanze.nl Website: www.ouderschap-psychiatrie.nl Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation
Recommendations • Add a coordinator on parenting in the mental health organizations • Parenting explicitly in the personal file • Organize peer support • International cooperation in research to build the evidence for parenting programs Research and Innovation department of Rehabilitation