Standards for Technological Literacy (ITEA) and National Educational Technology Standards (ISTE): Compare and Contrast

1. Standards forTechnological Literacy (ITEA) and National Educational Technology Standards (ISTE):Compare and Contrast New Mexico Technology in Education Conference Ruidoso, NM October 3-5, 2007

2. Overview of this presentation • Background of Ed. Standards in U. S. • Confusion about “technology” by the public • Some basic definitions • Standards for Technological Literacy (STL)(ITEA) • National Educational Technology Standards (NETS·S)(ISTE) • The importance of NETS·S and STL in today’s education • Summary

3. Background of Educational Standards in the U. S.

4. Educational Standards • Late 1970’s and 1980’s • 1989 - Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM) (Revised in 2000) • 1993 - Benchmarks for Science Literacy (AAAS) • 1996 - National Science Education Standards (NRC) • Almost all of the other subject areas in schools developed national standards in the 1990’s

5. Confusion about “technology” by the public in the U. S.

6. Technology is not understood • Gallup poll (ITEA)

7. Confusion about Technology in U.S. • The ITEA Gallup Poll findings on “What Americans Think About Technology” are in the in the March 2002 and September, 2004 issues of The Technology Teacher (www.iteaconnect.org)

8. Technology is not understood • Gallup poll (ITEA) • Technology is Science • Technology is Engineering • Technology is computers • Technology is “digital stuff” • Technology affects people, society, the environment, history • Technology solves problems … technology creates problems

9. Some basic definitions

10. What is Technology? • In the broadest sense, technology extends our abilities to change the world: to cut, shape, or put together materials; to move things from one place to another; to reach farther with our hands, voices, and senses. (Benchmarks for Science Literacy, AAAS, 1993) • The goal of technology is to make modifications in the world to meet human needs. (National Science Education Standards, NRC, 1996) • It is the innovation, change, or modification of the natural environment in order to satisfy perceived human wants and needs. (Standards for Technological Literacy, ITEA, 2000) • Technology is the process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants. (Technically Speaking: Why All Americans Need to Know More About Technology, NAE/NRC, 2002)

11. What is Science? • Science deals with understanding the natural world. (National Science Education Standards, 1996)

12. What is Engineering? • Engineering is “design under constraint” William Wulf Past President National Academy of Engineering

13. What is Technological Literacy? • ITEA’s Standards for Technological Literacy: Content for the Study of Technology defines technological literacy as the ability to use, manage, evaluate, and understand technology. • Technological literacy, like other forms of literacy, is what every person needs in order to be an informed and contributing citizen for the world of today and tomorrow. • Technological literacy is more a capacity to understand the broader technological world rather than an ability to work with specific processes of it. (NAE/NRC, 2002)

14. Technological Literacy (Cont.) • To achieve technological literacy, students must develop a broad sense of technological knowledge and abilities. • Technological literacy is NOT the same as technical competency. • Technical competency is what some people need to be successful in a technical career. (ITEA, 2003)

15. Standards for Technological Literacy International Technology Education Association (ITEA)(2000/2002/2008) (Funded by NSF & NASA)

16. STL presents the content for what every student should know and be able to do in order to be technologically literate. www.iteaconnect.org

17. Standards • Standards are written statements about what is valued that can be used for making a judgment of quality. • Standards represent fundamental concepts. • The goal is to meet all of the standards in Grades K-12.

18. Nature of Technology • Students will develop an understanding of the characteristics andscope of technology. • Students will develop an understanding of the core concepts of technology. • Students will develop an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study.

19. Technology and Society • Students will develop an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology. • Students will develop an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment. • Students will develop an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology. • Students will develop an understanding of the influence of technology on history.

20. Design • Students will develop an understanding of the attributes of design. • Students will develop an understanding of engineering design. • Students will develop an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.

21. Abilities for a Technological World • Students will develop the abilities to apply the design process. • Students will develop the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems. • Students will develop the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.

22. The Designed World • Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use medical technologies. • Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use agricultural and related biotechnologies. • Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use energy and power technologies.

23. The Designed World (Cont.) • Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use information and communication technologies. • Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use transportation technologies. • Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use manufacturing technologies. • Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and use construction technologies.

24. Benchmarks

25. Features of Nationally-Developed Standards • Emphasize a comprehensive, focused, and coherent approach to education. • Emphasize content more than curriculum. • Recognize the need to define more than what students should know and be able to do. Summarized from Rodger Bybee, BSCS

26. Advancing Excellence in Technological Literacy: Student Assessment, Professional Development, and Program Standards (ITEA, 2003) (www.iteaconnect.org)

27. National Educational Technology Standards International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) (1998 & 2007)

28. Ready or Not . . . The World is Different ! • Work is different ... • Tools are different ... • Communication is different ... • Information is different ... • Kids are different ... . . . AndLearningMust BeDifferent, Too !

29. Defining Learning Technology Standards for the Digital Generation

30. Then . . . And . . . Now The World is Different !

31. Resources to Support Learning Technology Standards 1998 - ISTE NETS for Students were released 1999 - ISTE NETS Connecting Curriculum and Technology (Lessons and Units) 2000 - ISTE NETS for Teachers 2001 - Preparing Teachers To Use Technology 2002 - NETS•T: Resources for Assessment 2003 - ISTE NETS for Administrators 2005 - NETS•S: Resources for Assessment

32. NETS•S Refresh Process Consensus Building • Feedback Forums • Online Surveys • Advisory Groups • Accreditation and Standards Committee • ISTE Leadership Team

33. RevisionGuidelines. . . • Incorporate feedback from the field • Consider multiple audiences • Preserve backward compatibility • Include standards statements for each category • Align numbering of items with other NETS • Preserve roughly similar length • Update language • Lead with student learning rather than tools • Consolidate where needed • Expand to include new needs • Add assessment resources to package

34. ISTE NETS for StudentsStandards Categories. . .Transition • Basic Operations and Concepts • Social, Ethical, and Human Issues • Technology Productivity Tools • Technology Communications Tools • Technology Research Tools • Technology Problem-solving and Decision- making Tools 1998 2007 • Creativity and Innovation (3,4,6) • Communication and Collaboration (4) • Critical Thinking, Problem-solving and Decision-making (6,3) • Research & Information Retrieval (5) • Digital Citizenship (2) • Technology Operations and Concepts (1)

35. ISTE NETS•S Refresh Digital Critical Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making Creativity & Innovation Technology Operations & Concepts Research & Information Fluency Communication & Collaboration Citizenship Draft of Refreshed ISTE National Educational Technology Standards for Students Copyright ISTE® 2007

36. ISTE NETS for StudentsPerformance Profiles • Pre-Kindergarten - Grade 2 • Grades 3-5 • Grades 6-8 • Grades 9-12 Profiles include performance indicators for each of four grade ranges:

37. The importance of NETS·S and STL in today’s education

38. Why NETS·S & STL • Wide acceptance: NETS·S is used in 49 states and STL in used in 42 states • NETS·S focuses on “… what students should know and be able to do to live productively in an increasingly digital world” • STL focuses on “… what students should know and be able to do in order to be technologically literate”

39. Why NETS·S & STL (Continued) • The next generation of NETS·S targets skills and expertise and less on tools • NETS·S addresses: • Creativity and innovation • Communication and collaboration • Research and information fluency • Critical thinking • Problem-solving and decision making • Digital citizenship • Technology operations and concepts

40. Why NETS·S & STL (Continued) • At the Student Profile levels (Pre K-2, 3-5, 6-8, & 9-12), NETS·S is concerned with content and experiences that includes: • Information technology and digital resources • Digital tools • Media-rich resources • Virtual environments (such as electronic books, simulation software, and websites) • Digital instruments and measurement devices • Hardware and software • Media (videos, animations, presentations, etc.)

41. Why NETS·S & STL (Continued) • NETS·S received support from: • Level one: • Adobe Systems • Apple • Intel • Pearson Education • Level two: • Microsoft • Promethean Inc. • Smart Technologies

42. Why NETS·S & STL (Continued) • STL focuses on content and experiences that includes: • What is technology (broadly speaking) and how does it relate to technological literacy • How does technology affect society and vice-versa • Design and problem solving • Abilities for a technological world

43. Why NETS·S & STL (Continued) STL is concerned with content and experiences that includes: • Major technologies found in the designed world today: • Information and communication technology • Medical technology • Agriculture and related biotechnology • Energy and Power technology • Transportation technology • Manufacturing technology • Construction technology

44. Why NETS·S & STL (Continued) • ITEA & STL received support from: • National Science Foundation (NSF) • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) • STL was successfully reviewed by the National Research Council and the National Academy of Engineering • STL was given formal support by the National Academy of Engineering

45. Why NETS·S & STL (Continued) • Each set of standards (NETS·S & STL) is designed to provide quite different knowledge and skills of what each student needs in their education to prepare them for the future • NETS·S should not be used as the basis to educate students on what to know and be able to do to be technologically literate • Likewise, STL should not be used as the basis to educate students on what to know and be able to do to learn effectively and live productively in an increasingly digital world

46. Summary

47. Thank You! William E. Dugger, Jr. Senior Fellow International Technology Education Association wdugger@iteaconnect.org www.iteaconnect.org This PowerPoint: www.iteaconnect.org/Resources/PressRoom.pressroom.htm And look under “Presentations”