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This text discusses the benefits and drawbacks of constructivist and cognitivist learning theories, including student-centered learning, collaborative learning, and individual knowledge construction.
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Constructivist and Cognitivist Learning Theories Dilek Ersöz- Sare Şengül
Constructivist Theory • Constructivism is a theory of knowledge that argues that humans generate knowledge and meaning from an interaction between their experiences and their ideas. • Jean Piaget suggested that through processes of accommodation and assimilation, individuals construct new knowledge from their experiences.
1. It can promote students’ interests toward learning. • They deal with issues related to an authentic problem, which cause to generate students’ motivation. • They focus on student-centered learning. • Teachers pay attention to each individual. 2. There are some advantages through collaborative learning. • Students can learn how to understand other’s opinions. • Students can find out new solution by interacting with classmates. • Every student can participate in learning in same level. Pros of Constructivist Theory
Continue • 3. Students can increase their abilities to construct knowledge by themselves. • • Main idea of constructivism is for students to create their own knowledge
1. It can be difficult to implement constructivism in real classroom. • There is a limit for teachers to pay attention on each individual because the class usually has one teacher and many students. 2. The class can be messy and lousy. • Collaborative learning and student-centered learning make class distracted. 3. It is inefficient to apply high level math. Cons of Constructivist Theory
Continue • 4. It can be time-consuming. • • It takes long time for students to understand the issue. • 5. Teachers have to spend lots of time to prepare the class in advance. • 6. When teachers evaluate students’ works, their subjective opinion can reflect in works.
Cognitive Theory • The Cognivist essentially argues that the balck box of the mind should be opened and understood. , • The learner is viewed as an • information processor like • a computer.
The schema of Cognitive Theory Information processing (IP) is a cognitive processing theory (see, Ashcraft, 1994). While other theories in this e-book are learning or instructional in nature, IP theory seeks to explain how the mind functions. Learning components such as rehearsal and elaboration are associated with IP; however, most emphasis is placed on understanding how information is processed rather than how learning happens.
Pros of Cognitive Theory • In cognitive learning, the learner is more autonomous and develops cognitive abilities and the potentials of his/her own. • This approach clarifies the psycolinguistic processes in language use and language learning.
Cons of Cognitive Theory • How can the learner ever reach beyond internal representations into the reality they are supposed to represent. • The cognitive psychology ignores creative thinking and consciousness.
Sources • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_(learning_theory) • http://web.utk.edu/~nkang/doc/tpte517long%20paper.pdf • http://users.ecs.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Hypermail/Foundations.Cognitions/0127.html • http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Image.Information_1.jpg
