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Converged Broadband Optical and Wireless Communication Infrastructure for Next-Generation Telehealth. Arshad Chowdhury , Hung-Chang Chien , Sourabh Khire , Shu-Hao Fan, Nikil Jayant and Gee-Kung Chang Georgia Tech Broadband Institute Presentation by John Shu. Agenda. Terminology

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Agenda

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  1. Converged Broadband Optical and Wireless Communication Infrastructure for Next-Generation Telehealth ArshadChowdhury, Hung-Chang Chien, SourabhKhire, Shu-Hao Fan, NikilJayant and Gee-Kung Chang Georgia Tech Broadband Institute Presentation by John Shu

  2. Agenda • Terminology • Trends • Motivation • Key Issues • Solutions • Implementation • Results • Conclusion

  3. Terminology • Telehealth/Telemedicine Systems: Systems that facilitate the exchange of electronic information e.g. medical images and real time video for remote monitoring, diagnosis, telesurgery etc. [ArshadChowdury et al] • Radio Over Fiber: A transmission technology where by light is modulated by a radio signal and transmitted via an optical fiber link to facilitate wireless access. (Wikipedia)

  4. Terminology cont’d • RAU Remote Antenna Unit used in conjunction with the Radio-Over-Fiber backbone to transmit and receive from wireless devices. • IMGR Intelligent Modality Gateway Router provides signal processing for various protocol-independent wireless-band conversion (RF, Microwave, and millimeter wave), routing functionalities, necessary media conversions, local buffering and storage, and authentication and security functions. [ArshadChowdury et al]

  5. Motivation • Telehealth and related fields are used world wide to remedy the non-uniform distribution of healthcare professionals. • According to the authors, these systems facilitate the exchange of information e.g. CT Scans, Radiology images or Real time videos. • This permits remote diagnosis, monitoring, telesurgery etc

  6. Motivation cont’d • Increase patient reach in rural areas • Facilitate access to specialty health care in urban areas • Obtain second opinion from remotely located experts • Support remote health monitoring • Facilitate remote education of upcoming professionals

  7. Trends in the Field • In the past, low bit rate voice or text based phone consultation as well as monitoring patients. • Currently, more HD quality video-centric super high resolution image-intensive remote diagnosis applications. • Also, real time delivery of multimedia such as in Telesurgery which has numerable benefits e.g. education or obtaining second opinions

  8. Key Issues • Transmission of high resolution images • A single Whole Slide Image (WSI) of 20mm X 15 mm sampled at 0.25 microns at about 24 bits/pixel can occupy up to 15GB • Furthermore, if Z-Stack images are being used i.e. using multiple focal lengths. The resulting file size will be in the order of hundreds of GB or even TB

  9. Key Issues • Issues with real time or time sensitive applications • Applications such as Frozen section diagnosis, dynamic pathology and real time tele-radiology. • Transmitting 500MB MRI coast-to-coast has RTT of about 10 hours over 1.5Mb/sec T1 lines and 50 sec with 1Gb/s line

  10. Key Issues • Compression could be a potential solution, but aggressive ‘lossy’ compression can introduce objectionable artifacts. • The problem of transmission technology which includes closed networks from service providers that limit broad band adoption in hospitals • There is also the issue of network penetration in the hospital buildings. Some of them can have very secluded areas with dense walls.

  11. Proposed Solution • Distributed Antenna based optical wireless systems realized by radio over fiber technology can solve penetration issues. • An integrated network architecture and communication system using broadband optical wireless radio over fiber technology. • Proposed systems provides multi-service, multi-carrier broadband modalities of the telemedicine system

  12. Implementation FIg.1 Converged Broadband Optical and Wireless Communication Infrastructure for Next-Generation Telehealth

  13. Implementation • Radio-over-fiber networks providing connectivity through out large buildings. • In-building backbone to transmits the signal. Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) distributes wireless signal. • Devices such as text, multimedia, radiology, pathology or just monitoring devices can access the network.

  14. Implementation • At the core is the Intelligent Modality Gateway Router (IMGR) • The IMGR provides signal processing for various protocol independent wireless band conversions (e.g. RF, Microwave, millimeter wave). • It also handles routing functionalities, media conversions, local buffering and storage, authentication and security

  15. Network Interconnection in Health care facility. Fig.2 Converged Broadband Optical and Wireless Communication Infrastructure for Next-Generation Telehealth

  16. Implementation • Communication between MRI, radiology, remotely mounted camera in operation room and conference room • IMGR receives hi-res as well as uncompressed images and HD video signals and performs up conversions for wireless modalities. • Hi-res images can be examined by remote specialist or students a remotely view procedures in real time or stand-by specialist can offer their opinions

  17. Proof of Concept Experimental Setup • Setup optical wireless network using 60 GHz mm wave radio-over-fiber technology. • Unidirectional real time uncompressed HD video link between labs on Georgia tech campus • Link comprised of optical fiber network for 25 km and a wireless transmission for distance of 5 meters.

  18. Experimental Setup Fig.3 Converged Broadband Optical and Wireless Communication Infrastructure for Next-Generation Telehealth

  19. Results • A 1.5Gb/s output stream was up-converted to 60GHz mm wave and transmitted over radio-over-fiber link • Wireless signal was received by a 60 GHz radio receiver and displayed on an HD TV • Live feed was that of Glioblastoma. Pictures were clear with no perceptual loss of quality

  20. Conclusion • Proposed next-generation broadband transport and access architecture using integrated wireless radio over fiber technology • Demonstrated with proof of concept setup experimental setup using single mode optical fiber and RAU. Achieved virtually no perceptual loss of quality • Employed existing and emerging 3G,4G/LTE, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max all routed through their IMGR

  21. References • A. Chowdhury, H-C Chien, Y-T Hsueh, G-K Chang, "Advanced System Technologies and Field Demonstration for In-Building Optical-Wireless Network with Integrated Broadband Services," J. of Lightwave technologies, vol. 27, no. 12, pp1920 - 1927, June 2009 • I. Pratap et al, "Comparative technical evaluation of various communication media used for telemedical video-conference," HealthCom 2008, July 2008, pp 1-2 • D.K. Kim et al, "A Mobile telemedicine system for remote consultation system in cases of acute stroke," Jour. Telemedicine and Telecare, Vol. 15, pp. 102-107,2009

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