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The Impact of the Four-Year Cohort. Measuring Michigan’s Graduation & Dropout Rates. Margaret Merlyn Ropp Ph.D., Director Center for Educational Performance & Information. Impetus for Change ….
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The Impact of the Four-Year Cohort Measuring Michigan’s Graduation & Dropout Rates Margaret Merlyn Ropp Ph.D., Director Center for Educational Performance & Information
Impetus for Change … • The No Child Left Behind Act requires states to use a graduation rate that tracks students from the beginning of high school to completion of a regular diploma in four years. • The National Governors Association convened a task force to help states develop a standard methodology to measure high school graduation rates. • All 50 governors committed to adopting the four-year cohort methodology to track state graduation rates. • Michigan will be the 17th state to implement the NGA Graduation Rate Compact.
The Four-Year Cohort Rate tracks students starting in the 9th grade • Students are assigned to a cohort when they first start 9th grade. • The cohort is a group of students expected to graduate in the same year. • First-time 9th graders during the 2003-04 school year were assigned to the 2007 cohort.
All students are tracked throughout high school: • Students who transfer from one public school to another are considered transfers out of their old districts and transfers in to their new districts • Students who transfer in to a Michigan public school from a private school or out of state after their 9th grade year are added to the cohort. • Students who transfer out of Michigan’s public schools for a private or parochial school, home school or another state are considered “exempt” and removed from the cohort.
At the end of four years, all students are separated into four categories … • On-Track Graduate - completed high school with a regular diploma in four years or less. • Other Completer - earned a GED or other certificate, or reached special education maximum age. • Dropout - left high school permanently during the four year cohort period or whose whereabouts are unknown • Off-Track Graduated & Continuing = completed high school with a regular diploma in more than four years or did not complete high school, but continues in school.
The cohorttotal for a school or district is the total number of students in these four categories.
A cohort graduation rate is determined by the formula… On-Track Graduates Cohort Total
1,254 To calculate Happy Valley’s graduation rate, divide the total number of On-Track Graduates
1,443 … by the Cohort Total 1,254 = 86.90%
Drop out rates are calculated the same way as graduation rates, substituting the number of dropouts in the numerator: Dropped Out Cohort Total
Rates for Subgroups Four-year cohort graduation rates will also be calculated for subgroups in districts and the state, including: • race/ethnicity • gender • race/ethnicity by gender • economically disadvantaged • students with disabilities • migrant • limited English proficiency
Michigan’s Graduation and Dropout Rates August 20, 2008