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A DNA-Templated Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor

gold. gold. AGTTCTCGAA. A DNA-Templated Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor. Kinneret Keren Physics Department Technion- Israel Institute of Technology. Erez Braun Uri Sivan Rotem Berman Evgeny Buchstab Gidi Ben-Yoseph. Molecular Electronics. One of the major challenges:

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A DNA-Templated Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor

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  1. gold gold AGTTCTCGAA A DNA-Templated Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor Kinneret Keren Physics Department Technion- Israel Institute of Technology Erez Braun Uri Sivan Rotem Berman Evgeny Buchstab Gidi Ben-Yoseph

  2. Molecular Electronics One of the major challenges: Integration of a large number of molecular devices into functional circuits A possible route, Self assembly Bottom-up assembly based on recognition between molecular building blocks. All the information is encoded into the building blocks (no blue-prints, no supervisor) The assembly process proceeds autonomously (no molecular-scale external manipulations)

  3. Self-assembly inBiology: Complex functional systems assembled from molecular building blocks Can we harness the biological machinery and working principles to self-assemble electronic devices and circuits?

  4. Outline: • DNA-templated electronics • A biological framework- Homologous genetic recombination • Sequence-specific molecular lithography • Self-assembly of a DNA-templated transistor • Outlook

  5. DNA-Templated Electronics electrodes (lithography) 10 mm DNA mms ~nm molecular devices • Circuit organization • Inter-device wiring • Interface to the macroscopic world ~nm

  6. ? What do we need to realize • Assemble a DNA network • Localize molecular-scale electronic components • Transform DNA into conducting wires

  7. 1m DNA-templated wires Silver clusters formed on aldehyde-derivatized DNA 1m Silver clusters catalyze further gold deposition Continuous gold wire

  8. 1 mm 50 I [nA] 25 0 0 1 2 V [V] DNA-templated gold wires wire width ~50 nm (DNA width ~2 nm) R ~26W r ~1.5x10-7Wm polycrystalline gold r=2.2x10-8Wm

  9. ? What do we need to realize • Assemble a DNA network • Localize molecular-scale electronic components • Transform DNA into conducting wires • Electrically contact the components

  10. AGTTCTCGAA gold gold Sequence-Specific Molecular Lithography • DNA junction formation • Patterning of DNA metallization • Localization of molecular objects on DNA Science 297, 72-75 (2002)

  11. Major biological concept: Homologous genetic recombination

  12. Mechanism of RecA-promoted Recombination Reaction

  13. RecA polymerized on DNA (cryo-TEM) Marina Konorty Ishi Talmon’s group Dept. of Chemical Engineering Technion

  14. Sequence-Specific Molecular Lithography • DNA junction formation

  15. 15kbp 50b 4kbp 3-Armed Junction Formation building blocks synapsis branch migration final product

  16. 0.25 mm 50 nm AFM images: 3-armed junction

  17. AGTTCTCGAA gold gold Sequence-Specific Molecular Lithography • Patterning of DNA metallization

  18. (i)Polymerization + Nucleoprotein filament ssDNA probe RecA monomers (ii) Homologous recombination + Aldehyde-derivatized dsDNA substrate (iii) Molecular lithography Ag aggregates + AgNO3 (iv) Gold metallization Exposed DNA Au wire + KAuCl4+KSCN+HQ Schematics of Sequence-Specific Patterning of DNA Metallization

  19. Sequence-Specific Patterning of DNA Metallization RecA DNA RecA nucleoprotein filament localized on aldehyde-derivatized DNA 0.5mm Ag Sample after silver deposition 0.5mm DNA 0.25 mm AFM Au 0.5mm Sample after gold metallization Au Au SEM insulating gap (dsDNA) 0.5mm

  20. Light Mask photoresist Silicon Silicon Silicon Optical Lithography Molecular Lithography acggtc... ssDNA Patterning information Aldehyde-derivitized dsDNA acggtc... Resist RecA as a sequence-specific resist developing metallization metallization Au Au Au

  21. Sequence-Specific Molecular Lithography • Localization of molecular objects on DNA

  22. Sequence-specific localization of molecular objects on any dsDNA molecule without prior modifications Strand-exchange with labeled ssDNA RecA+ATP labeled ss DNA ds DNA

  23. Localization of streptavidin-conjugated gold nanoparticles after strand-exchange with biotin-labeled ssDNA DNA Au nanoparticles Au 0.2 mm 1 mm

  24. Sequence-Specific Molecular Lithography • DNA junction formation • Patterning of DNA metallization • Localization of molecular objects on DNA

  25. gold gold AGTTCTCGAA Self-assembly of a DNA-templated carbon nanotube field effect transistor Science 302, 1380-1382 (2003)

  26. Self-assembly of a DNA-templated transistor: • Localization of a semiconducting • single-wall carbon nanotube • Instill biological recognition to the carbon nanotube. • Use homologous recombination to localize it on DNA. • Wiring and contacting it • Use sequence-specific DNA metallization • to form extended DNA-templated wires • contacting the nanotube.

  27. (i)RecAPolymerization + Nucleoprotein filament ssDNA probe RecA monomers (ii) Homologous recombination + Aldehyde-derivatized dsDNA substrate (iii) Localization of carbon nanotube using antibodies anti RecA Biotin antimouse + Streptavidin coated carbon nanotube

  28. Localization of a streptavidin-functionalized single wallcarbon nanotube using antiRecA antibody and a biotin conjugated secondary antibody 0.2 mm RecA DNA 0.3 mm carbon nanotube 0.3 mm

  29. (i)RecAPolymerization + Nucleoprotein filament ssDNA probe RecA monomers (ii) Homologous recombination + Aldehyde-derivatized dsDNA substrate (iii) Localization of carbon nanotube using antibodies anti RecA Biotin antimouse + Streptavidin coated carbon nanotube (iv) RecA serves as a sequence specific resist protecting against silver reduction Ag aggregates + AgNO3 (v) Gold metallization Au wire Carbon nanotube KAuCl4+KSCN +HQ +

  30. Self-assembly of a DNA-templated carbon nanotube FET • A single wall carbon nanotube bound to RecA localized at a specific address on a DNA molecule DNA carbon nanotube 0.3 mm • DNA-templated gold wires contacting the single wall carbon nanotube are formed by specific metallization using the RecA as a resist 0.1mm Au carbon nanotube

  31. VDS Carbon nanotube drain source VG p+ Si substrate SiO2 Electrical characteristics of the DNA-templated carbon nanotube FET the measurement circuit:

  32. Electrical measurements: a rope device containing both semiconducting and metallic nanotubes

  33. Electrical measurements: a single semiconducting nanotube device 0.1 mm

  34. ? drain source AGTTCT gate • What next: • Other self-assembled molecular devices • (e.g. SET) • 3-terminal FET device on a DNA junction • (will allow individual gating of each device) • DNA-templated circuits- in principle, molecular lithography can be applied to localize several devices on a scaffold DNA network and incorporate them into a circuit.

  35. Can we realize complex DNA-templated electronics? As in biology, assembly of complex functional systems will probably require more than just “passive” self-assembly Can we introduce additional biological concepts: feedback from functionality to the assembly process, error correction, modularity, selection, replication, evolution …?

  36. Thanks to: • Erez Braun • Uri Sivan • Rotem Berman • Marina Konorty • Gidi Ben-Yoseph • Evgeny Buchstab • Michael Krueger • Rachel Yechieli

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