What infrastructure will contribute to facilitating broad participation, community growth, and the best possible science

1. What infrastructure will contribute to facilitating broad participation, community growth, and the best possible science? • John Nousek • Cyclical nature of resources and impact • Participants in the field • Elements of a new field • Gravitational Wave Astronomy - Success • Barry Barish • One shoe doesn’t fit all • Creating a roadmap • Emerging technologies • Gravitational Wave Astronomy • - Ulitimate Goal -

2. Cyclical nature of resources and impact Participants • X-ray astronomy rise and fall of resources and the impact of those resources • Early participants to the field weren’t born x-ray astronomers, • they became x-ray astronomers • There are people in HS now who don’t know where to go to get trained to become a • gravitational wave astronomer. We need them to fuel the growth of GWA.

3. Elements of a new field • Technology - enabling technology to allow new discovery • Physics - why discoveries teach us something new • elevator conversation • Data Analysis - novelty leads to new training knowledge by practitioners • People - importance of yield + accessibility = growth • if people don’t come to the party, there isn’t a party • inaccessibility won’t help vitalize the field • broad participation is crucial • Community - self-recognition, internal prioritization, loyalty • internal organization, present your priorities • proclaim yourself a gravitational wave astronomer!

4. Gravitational Wave Astronomy - Success • Find a Gravitational Wave • Associate that G-wave with an object that can be observed by other means, HUGE! • Use gravitational wave astronomy as a tool to probe something else

5. Discussion • DATA • Spectrum from • Instrument builders get all the data ---- End users/Community members get all the data • somewhere there is a happy medium • Science timescale is SLOW if data is not shared • Community is built by sharing and everyone is contributing in a way they are best suited to contribute • GRB people kept the data close because the SNR is low • First data should be the instruments builders - however, don’t use that as an excuse to always do it that way • Educate those in your community about the data analysis and instruments so they are prepared to look at the data “the time to go from proprietary to public is when your community is educated and ready for it”.

6. Discussion • COLLABORATION • Fields that grow well are able to develop a consensus • No infighting, IR argued within the field and it hurt them. SPITZER significantly delayed by infighting. • Don’t put down your peers and their ideas. Present a united front. • Encourage leaders to go the route of consensus rather than pushing their individual agendas.

7. Discussion • BUILDING AND PRESENTING A CONSENSUS • Working Groups • Be self organizing. Talk to funding agencies, present the pathway yourself, usually they don’t see the pathway. • “Speak with one voice clearly, and tell truths” • NATIONAL CENTERS • Community and national centers work hand in hand • All the pieces will(should) grow together

8. Discussion • CREATING A CURRICULUM • Need a result for students to really come on board • Concentrate on the graduate student level • Get your field out there, clips on CNN …. keep it alive!

9. What infrastructure will contribute to facilitating broad participation, community growth, and the best possible science? • Barry Barish • One shoe doesn’t fit all • Creating a roadmap • Emerging technologies • Gravitational Wave Astronomy • - Ultimate Goal -

10. One shoe doesn’t fit allCreating a road map • Gravitational wave astronomy will develop differently. • Creating a road map • - What is to be accomplished? • - Where are we now? • - Where are we going? • - What are the paths we’ll take? • - What are the tools we’ll need?

11. Emerging Technologies • Neutrino Physics and Astronomy compared to Gravitational Wave Astronomy • Neutrino Physics: • Particle Physics Astrophysics • v properties v beams • v interactions • Gravitational Wave Astronomy: • Physics Astrophysics • G-wave properties Improved Sensitivity • G-wave observations

12. Emerging Technologies • Cryogenic • Broadband interferometers • Reflective interferometers • Reshaped laser beams • Sub-quantum limited interferometers • Only ~1% of our resources are put into emerging technologies, this is not enough to grow the field • Rule of thumb from other fields: need 5-10%

13. Gravitational Wave Astronomy • Ultimate Goal: Gravitational Wave Cosmology • Compare roadmaps between neutrino astronomy and gravitational wave astronomy - “the key to the future will be in investing enough resources into technological development and new detectors.” • “Building community, getting the data out, all that won’t matter without advancing technology and detectors.”

14. Discussion • Astronomical sources in the middle band? • - if gravitational wave cosmology, then NS-NS binaries visible there too • Will there be funding for new technologies before a detection? • - gravitational wave detection is just a matter of time, not a question of if it will happen • Community building is useful if the goal is to get more resources, isn’t it? • - It is a priority problem, put science first, community will follow. • - computing facilities, data analysis, participation of people is crucial to maximize resources • How do we sell our future? We’re in a tentative stage right now. • - A central part of our story will be our long range plan. We need to get our priorities straight. • Lead time to build new instruments? • - Long- 20 years perhaps. R&D work needs to be done in parallel.

15. Discussion • In terms of resources, are we people limited? • - $$ resources are a bigger problem than human resources. People come to work that is respected. • Community needs to sell it, then the resources come when we approach the funding agencies. Community must buy off on investing our resources in advanced technologies. • Is there overlap in ground-based and space-based detector development? • - some overlap, not much. ESA has people working on both.