The Proper Distinction Between Law and Gospel by CFW Walther

1. The Proper Distinction Between Law and Gospel by CFW Walther ~ The Eleventh ~ Evening Lecture

2. Review: • “The Law must be preached in its full ___________, and the Gospel in its full ___________. • Walther says that faith and grace are really just the same thing, because faith is not a good work. It simply like reaching out _________. • What sort of sins does the Catholic church still say people are not responsible for?

3. 1. Which people does Walther say will have the most reason to be terrified on Judgment Day? (pg 87-88) • False teachers! • Jer. 23, 22, where the Lord says regarding false teachers: “If they had stood in My counsel and had caused My people to hear My words, then they should have turned them from their evil way.” • “Alas, what terror will seize all false teachers on the great day of account when all the souls led astray by them shall stand before the judgment-seat of God and raise accusations against them!” • Arius, Pelagius, the Popes

4. 2. What should every Christian “sincerely dread”? (pg 88 bottom) • “… to deviate from a single letter of the divine Word!” • “…that we do not dare to add anything to it or take anything from it. We are to be ready to shed our blood rather than yield a tittle of God’s Word.” • Luther: “I have a sensation that one passage of Scripture could push me off the face of the earth.” • David: “My flesh trembleth for fear of Thee, and I am afraid of Thy judgments.” – Ps 119:129

5. Thesis I • In the third place, the Word of God is not rightly divided when the Gospel is preached first and then the Law; sanctification first and then justification; faith first and then repentance; good works first and then grace.

6. 3. The Gospel must never be preached prior to what? (pg 89 bottom) • “The order may be distorted if you preach the Gospel prior to the Law.” • Mark 1, 15:Repent ye and believe the Gospel. • Acts 20, 21:Testifying both to the Jews and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

7. 4. What is the second way people sometimes get things out of order? (pg 90 bottom) • “The second perversion of the true sequence occurs when sanctification of life is preached before justification.” • “I must first know that God has forgiven my sins, that He has cast them into the depth of the sea, before it affords me real joy to lead a sanctified life.” • Ps. 130, 4:There is forgiveness with Thee, that Thou mayest be feared. • Ps. 119, 32:I will run the way of Thy Commandments when Thou shalt enlarge my heart. • John 15, 5 the Lord says to His disciples: I am the Vine, ye are the branches. He that abideth in Me and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit.

8. 5. What is the “third perversion of the true sequence”? (pg 92) • “…when faith is preached first and repentance next.” • Acts 20, 21: “Repentance toward God and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.”

9. 6. What is the fourth “perversion of the correct order” that Walther mentions? (pg 92 bottom) • “… when good works are preached first and then grace. ” • Ephesians 2, 8–10: For by grace are ye saved, through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; not of works, lest any man should boast. For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them.” • The apostle does not say: “We must do good works in order to have a gracious God,” but the very opposite: “By grace are ye saved; but by grace ye are created unto good works.”

10. 7. Walther uses the book of Romans as a good example of the correct sequence of teachings. Where does the Law appear in Romans? Justification? Sanctification? (pg 93 bottom) • Chapters 1-3 Law; 4-5 justification, 6 Gospel • “Here we have a true pattern of the correct sequence: first the Law, threatening men with the wrath of God; next the Gospel, announcing the comforting promises of God. This is followed by an instruction regarding the things we are to do after we have become new men. ”

11. 8. Look at the sermon outlines on pp. 94-95. What do they all have in common? • They all get the sequence incorrect: Gospel before Law, sanctification before justification, good works before faith.

12. 9. What group did Luther battle, who not only got the sequence wrong, but left out the Law altogether? (pg 96) • The antinomians • “They contended that grace must be preached first and then repentance. Indeed, they insisted that in the churches the Law must not be preached at all. They claimed the Law belongs in the court-house and on the gallows; it is to be preached to thieves and murderers, not to honest people, least of all to Christians.”

13. 10. Hagar was Abraham’s concubine who, with her son Ishmael, was cast out and rejected. But God comforted and cared for them. How are people who hear the Law like Hagar and Ishmael? (pg 97) • Luther: These are “… the people are that are to be comforted, namely, those who, like Ishmael and his mother, have been thrust out of their home and fatherland, who are nearly famished with hunger and thirst in the desert, who groan and cry to the Lord, and are on the brink of despair. Such people are proper hearers of the Gospel.” ”

14. 11. What kind of person are we all, by nature? (pg 97 middle) • Man is by nature a conceited being. He says: “What wrong have I done? I have committed neither manslaughter, nor adultery, nor fornication, nor larceny.” • The spirit of pride in himself must be cast out. That requires an application of the hammer of the Law which will crush his stony heart.

15. 12. Which of the two great doctrines – Law and Gospel – did Luther not have to preach much of, and why? (pg 97 bottom) • “…the Law. The people were so crushed that hardly one among them dared to believe that he was in a state of grace with God.” • “For the Roman priests preached the Law, placing alongside of the divine Law the laws of the Church and the statutes of former councils, theologians, and Popes.” • Luther: “The reason why we had to start our teaching with the doctrine of divine grace is as plain as daylight. The accursed Pope had utterly crushed the poor consciences of men with his human ordinances.”

16. 13. What strict rule did Luther follow to make sure his teaching followed the correct sequence?(pg 98 bottom) • “I have followed the rule not to minister comfort to any person except to those who have become contrite and are sorrowing because of theirs sin.” • “These are the people for whose sake Christ came into the world, and He will not have a smoking flax to be quenched. Is. 42, 3. That is why He is calling: ‘Come unto Me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden.’