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Chapter 3 Before It Was Georgia

Chapter 3 Before It Was Georgia . Why Study History? History is a record of the past. It is important to study it because we must rely on what others observed and remembered to increase our understanding of events. Who Studies History?.

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Chapter 3 Before It Was Georgia

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  1. Chapter 3 Before It Was Georgia • Why Study History? • History is a record of the past. It is important to study it because we must rely on what others observed and remembered to increase our understanding of events.

  2. Who Studies History? • History helps us to better understand today by showing us how decisions were made from one generation of people to the next. Studying history helps us to avoid the mistakes of the past. • People who study history are called historians. • Studying history is a lot like science.

  3. The Scientific Method of History • Problem Statement: Historians have questions concerning an event, place or people (ex. Why is Atlanta the capital of Georgia?) • Hypothesis: the preliminary (early) conclusions to the questions. Often historians may have different hypotheses. • Data Collection: in order to prove or disprove an hypothesis, the historians must gather evidence. There are two sources for this information:

  4. How Do We Obtain Historical Information? • 1)Primary sources-firsthand or original accounts of historical events or figures. Examples would be letters, diaries, speeches, autobiographies, newspaper stories, government documents or business records. Physical evidence such as buildings, tools, clothing, art, photographs and even grave markers can be primary sources.

  5. How Do We Obtain Historical Information? • 2) Secondary sources-are accounts of historical events written by people who didn’t actually witness these events. Secondary sources come from people who research the primary sources long after the events actually occurred. Secondary sources include biographies, textbooks, maps, and reference materials. We would not have secondary sources if there were no primary sources.

  6. How Do We Use Primary Sources? • Historian have to determine first if the information is real or if it is a forgery. • Firsthand sources are normally more credible (believable) than secondary sources. • If the source was an actual witness, what was his/her frame of reference. (Was the witness influenced by a social group, religion, occupation, or political attitude? These would all be a frame of reference.)

  7. How Do We Use Primary Sources? • What was the cause and effect of an event (did one event lead to another)? Could a major event be the result of several prior events? This would be multiple causation.

  8. The Final Step • IV. Conclusions-After analyzing the data, the historians must make broad conclusions, or generalizations, about what happened. • Sometimes the answers may be very different from the hypothesis. Often times historians discover that there may be multiple reasons why an event occurred.

  9. The Importance of Accuracy • Historians then write about what they have found, and they, themselves, become secondary sources. • A good historian would not be biased and would rely only on evidence. A good historian understands that new evidence could change the conclusion in the future.

  10. The Dating Game • Why is it important to know dates in history? Actual dates may not be as important, but the dates of events in relationship to dates of other events make them important. • Example of important date: July 4th, September 11th • Knowing the order in which a series of events occurred is called the chronology. It helps you to understand how things happened.

  11. Expressions of Time • When you see a date that has B. C. or A. D. after it, you are seeing an example of the Christian system for counting time. • This is because most of the early historians were men of the Church (monks) • B. C. stands for before Christ • A. D. stands for anno Domini, which means in the year of our Lord • If there is no B.C. or A.D., it is assumed the date is A. D.

  12. Time Terminology • Previous, former or prior describes what happened in the past. • Anti means before (anti-bellum means Pre-Civil War). • Contemporary describes what is happening in the present • Circa means around or approximately (ex. Circa 1900)

  13. Time Periods to Know • Decade = 10 years • Century = 100 years • Centennial = a celebration of an 100th anniversary • Bicentennial = a celebration of a 200th anniversary

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