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Turmoil over Taxation

Explore British attempts to ease tensions, colonists' reactions to new taxes, emergence of new leaders, and events leading to the Boston Massacre amid westward expansion and clashes with Natives. Follow colonial protests, the imposition of new taxes, and the transformative actions of key figures like Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry. Witness the violent catalysts, including the Boston Massacre, as British troops arrive and tensions escalate, culminating in temporary calm before further unrest. Uncover the roots of rebellion in Colonial America.

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Turmoil over Taxation

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  1. Turmoil over Taxation Chapter 5.2

  2. Overview • Describe how Britain tried to ease tensions on the American frontier • List the ways colonist reacted to new taxes imposed by Parliament • Identify new colonial leaders • Explain the event that led to the Boston Massacre

  3. Troubles on the Frontier • Westward expansion and clashes with the Native Americans • Amherst raised the price of goods traded with Native Americans • Allowed settlers to build forts and lands • War broke out (Pontiac’s War, 1763), British outposts attacked, war ended because of lack of French help

  4. Proclamation of 1763 • Proclamation drew an imaginary line along the crest of the Appalachian Mountains • Colonist were forbidden to settle west of the line • Meant to protect the Native Americans • Angered the colonists, most ignored the proclamation and moved west.

  5. King George III • Hannover King • Believed he was royal sovereign who ruled all of Britannia • Would use army and navy to restore order in the colonies • Believed he could tax as he thought

  6. British Impose New Taxes • Used to pay back British for French and Indian War • Sugar Act (1764): Tax on Molasses • Smuggling • Stamp Act: Duty on all legal documents, almanacs, playing cards, and dice

  7. Outrage by colonist, no representation in Parliament • Rooted in Magna Carta • No problem with paying taxes as long as approved by colonial legislature • United all delegates • Petition written, rejecting the Stamp Act • No Taxation without Representation!!!

  8. The Townshend Act • May 1767, Townshend Act taxed goods such as paper, glass, paint, lead and tea • Tax was low, but it was Colonist argued that it was the principle about taxation without representation • Writs of assistance – officers searched without giving reason

  9. Colonist Protest Widen • Stop importing British goods • Colonists form the Son’s of Liberty organization • Mock hanging staged • Daughters of Liberty boycotted British cloth • Boycott British goods

  10. New Colonial Leaders • Massachusetts- Samuel Adams • Organized people to protest • Worked behind scenes • Today’s political activist • Failed in business and poor speaker • John Adams (Sam’s cousin) • Skilled Lawyer • Gifted Speaker • Cautious, but often difficult

  11. New Leaders (Cont) Virginia- George Washington speaks at House of Burgesses against Townshend Act Patrick Henry- Lawyer Critic of British Policy Give me Liberty or Give me Death! It this be treason, make the most of it! Words, moved a young law student named Thomas Jefferson

  12. More Anger that leads to violence • British send troops to major cities, Boston and New York over the Quartering Act • Quartering Act = colonist provide housing, bedding, candles and beverages to soldiers • British soldiers a reminder to colonist that they were being bullied

  13. Boston Massacre • March 5, 1770 crowd grows in front of Custom House • Crowd throws snowballs at British soldiers • Soldiers shoot into crowd • Five people died • Paul Revere and Sam Adams provoke more protests

  14. Temporary Calm • Repeal of the Townshend Act passes through Parliament • Harmed British merchants • Quartering Act repealed • King George keeps Tea Act • Causes colonist to think more about the

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