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Neural Networks

Neural Networks. Spring 2006. Slightly Interesting Factoids. brain weight power source power output sleeping vs. math number of neurons number of connections. The knee bone’s connected to the shin bone…. Body Central nervous system Spinal column Brain forebrain Cerebral hemispheres

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Neural Networks

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  1. Neural Networks Spring 2006

  2. Slightly Interesting Factoids • brain weight • power source • power output • sleeping vs. math • number of neurons • number of connections

  3. The knee bone’s connected to the shin bone… • Body • Central nervous system • Spinal column • Brain • forebrain • Cerebral hemispheres • neurons

  4. A slight digression – Studying the Brain • 2nd century • sewers and aqueducts • “canals of humors” • Medieval • Church most influential • Common sense cell where soul resides • 1700’s • Machinery evolving • Brain as a computing machine

  5. Cont. • 1700-1800’s – lots of brain injuries for study. Localization and Phrenology. • 1800’s – electricity discovered. New model of brain as an electrical device. Golgi invented stain technique.

  6. What is a neuron • Dendrites = input • Cell body = processing unit • Axon = sends output • Receptor sites and neurotransmitters • Neuron firing

  7. ANN • Input • Processing • Output • Learning?

  8. A brief history of ANN • 1943 – McCulloch and Pitts • 1949 – First Hebbian Learning • Rosenblatt – built classifier with neurons/weight updates • 1961 – Widrow-Hoff learning rule (minimize the squared error) • 1969 – Minsky and Papert

  9. History cont. • 1986 – Rumelhart & McClelland “Parallel Distributed Processing” • 1990 – funding explosion

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