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Quantitative Detection of Parkinson's Disease Symptoms

Quantitative Detection of Parkinson's Disease Symptoms. Advisor: Dr. Anita Mahadevan-Jansen Faraz Ali James Lugge Ernest Moore Mahesh Parlikad. Dr. Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, PhD. Asst. Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Neurological Surgery Research:

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Quantitative Detection of Parkinson's Disease Symptoms

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  1. Quantitative Detection of Parkinson's Disease Symptoms Advisor: Dr. Anita Mahadevan-Jansen Faraz Ali James Lugge Ernest Moore Mahesh Parlikad

  2. Dr. Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, PhD. • Asst. Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Neurological Surgery • Research: • Optical techniques for diagnosis of pathology • Fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy in cancer detection • optical techniques that use laser to discriminate between healthy and diseased tissue in neurosurgery

  3. What is Parkinson’s Disease? • Neurodegenerative disorder caused by damaged or dead dopamine-neurons in the substantia nigra • Dopamine: neurotransmitter that carries information from neuron to neuron and eventually out to the muscles • Brain no longer able to direct or control muscle movement in a normal manner. • Half a million people every year are affected by Parkinson’s

  4. Symptoms • Tremor or trembling in hands, arms, legs, jaw, and face • Rigidity or stiffness of the limbs and trunk • Slowness of motor movements • Postural instability or impaired balance and coordination • Reduced blink rate of eyes

  5. Treatment • Drugs: Levodopa/ L-DopaDrugs designed to mimic dopamine effects or counteract acetylcholine effects • Pallidotomy: Section of globus pallidus removed • Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) : Implants stimulators that block brain signals causing rigidity, tremors and other symptoms

  6. Quantitative Measurement of Symptoms • Purpose: To be able to associate numerical values to a patient’s before and after treatment symptoms. • Methods used currently are based on “touch and feel” and are subjective. • We will concentrate on measuring Parkinson’s through two of its symptoms • Reduced eye blinking • Muscle rigidity

  7. Proposed Ideas • Blink Rate Detector • Symptom of Parkinson’s: increased blink rate • Means of detection: EOG • Rigidity Detector • Symptom of Parkinson’s: hand and neck muscles tense • Means of detection: Strain gauge • Acetylcholine Detector • Symptom of Parkinson’s: hand and neck muscles contracted • Means of detection: invasive neurotransmitter detection

  8. Reduced Eye Blinking • Loss of automatic control is one of the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. • Reduced eye blinking is a feasible symptom that can be quantified by use of an electrooculargram (EOG). • LED + detector combination that detects light reflected back from the eye.

  9. Muscle Rigidity Detection • Another symptom is rigid muscles which can occur in the limbs or neck. • A strain gauge can be used to detect the alleviation of rigid muscles. • Strain gauges can detect a change as low as 500με.

  10. Methods of Strain Gauge Application • Placement • Wrist • Neck • Material Selection • Comfortable elastic • High sensitivity to small surface changes • Output • Labview

  11. Current Status • Have equipment readily available for the blink rate counter • Have a strain gauge but are currently looking for appropriate material to apply the gauge

  12. Future Work • Collaboration with Dr. Chris Kao • Collaboration with Dr. Peter Conrad • View a Deep Brain Stimulation procedure • Construct the two different designs • Test and compare the two designs • Compare the better method with competitors

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