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The Populist Movement: Farmers' Agrarian Protest 1870-1896

Explore the causes of farmers' discontent, farmer collective and political action, and the objectives of the Populist Party during the late 19th century. Learn about the sharp division in society between urban and rural interests and the shift towards urbanization.

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The Populist Movement: Farmers' Agrarian Protest 1870-1896

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  1. World Class Educationwww.kean.edu

  2. 1 Topic 9 The Populist Movement Farmers and Their Discontent: The Agrarian Protest 1870-1896

  3. 2 What were the Causes of the Farmer’s Discontent? • Low agricultural prices • Insufficient credit / expensive credit • High rates charges by railroads, grain elevator operators…. • High industrial prices • Tariffs • Federal monetary policy • Middlemen in general • Monopolies in general • Efficient crop production v low prices

  4. 3 Three Examples of Farmer Collective / Political Action • Granger movement - Late 1860s • Greenback –Labor Party- 1874-1884 • People’s (Populist) Party - 1887

  5. 4 What were the Populist Objectives? • Direct Election of U.S. Senators • Secret Ballot • Ballot Initiative • Referendum • Recall • DirectPrimary • Monetary Reform ”Free Silver” "You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns; you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold."

  6. Election of 1896Bryan v. McKinley Sharp division in society between urban and rural interests William Jennings Bryan (Democrat)reform groups / rural interests / indebted farmers / against the gold standard William McKinley (Republican)victory = shift from America as an agrarian nation to urban interests 5

  7. 6 Selected ReadingsPopulist Movement • Lawrence Goodwyn, The Populist Moment: A Short History of the Agrarian Revolt in America • Robert C., McMath, Jr. American Populism: A Social History, 1877-1898.

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