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Biotechnology

Biotechnology. What is biotechnology?. Bio —the use of biological (life) processes Technology —solve problems or make useful products. 10. What does biotechnology produce?. Foods Vaccines Antibiotics Vitamins Biodegradation Selective breeding. 9. How does biotechnology work?.

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Biotechnology

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  1. Biotechnology

  2. What is biotechnology? • Bio—the use of biological (life) processes • Technology—solve problems or make useful products 10

  3. What does biotechnology produce? • Foods • Vaccines • Antibiotics • Vitamins • Biodegradation • Selective breeding 9

  4. How does biotechnology work? • Manipulating an organism’s genome to • alter microbes, plants, and animals for our benefit • correct genetic defects in humans 8

  5. Plant Biotechnology: Classical Plant Breeding: Genetic modification following introduction of large amounts of undefined DNA from a genetically similar source. Genetic modification of a plant cell by introduction of defined DNA(s) from a genetically different source. 7

  6. Benefits • Agricultural Biotechnology • Increase yield • Enhance nutritional value • Environmentally friendly pesticide • Bio-medical devices • Reconstructive surgery • Bone, cartilage, skin grafts • Forest Biotechnology • Grow more wood • Conserve land • Fight a changing climate 6

  7. Recombinant DNA • Combining DNA from two different organisms 5

  8. Useful Properties of DNA • Restriction enzyme (endonucleases) can cut DNA at specific sites, leaving sticky ends for insertion of new DNA 4

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  10. Difficulties in Genetically Engineering Humans • Inserting gene in correct cells • Inserting gene so it is expressed correctly • Orientation • Regulation • Controlling virus vector • Ethical issues 2

  11. Other Issues • How will genetically engineered organisms affect environment? • Spread of genes to other organisms? • Who will decide? 1

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