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World War I and Beyond

Learn about the causes of World War I, from nationalism and militarism to economic rivalries and imperial ambitions. Discover how the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand and alliances led to the outbreak of a devastating conflict. Explore the impact of new military technology and the entry of the United States into the war.

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World War I and Beyond

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  1. World War I and Beyond

  2. The Causes of WWI • Nationalism • Militarism • Economic rivalries • Imperial ambitions • Regional tensions

  3. Nations stockpiled new technology, including machine guns, mobile artillery, tanks, submarines, and airplanes.

  4. What Gets the War Started? • On June 28, 1914, Serb nationalists assassinated the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, Archduke, Francis Ferdinand. • The assassination triggered a chain of events that drew two sets of allies into a bloody conflict.

  5. Europe’s alliance system caused the conflict to spread quickly, creating two main combatants. • The Allied Powersincluded Britain, France, Russia, and Serbia. • The Central Powers included Germany and Austria-Hungary.

  6. Germany invaded Belgium, a neutral country, to attack France. • The German advance was stopped about 30 miles from Paris. • The war bogged down as both sides dug a long series of trenches, creating the Western Front.

  7. Weapons of WWI

  8. US Neutrality • As the war dragged on in Europe, President Wilson urged Americans to remain neutral.

  9. German U-boats torpedoed ships bound for Britain. • On May 7, 1915, a U-boat sank the British passenger ship Lusitania off the coast of Ireland, killing many Americans.

  10. Two events in 1917 led President Wilson to ask Congress to declare war on the Central Powers. • The Zimmermann note was intercepted. In this telegram, Germany tried to forge an alliance with Mexico against the United States. • Germany returned to a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, sinking any ship headed for Britain.

  11. Congress responded with a declaration of war on April 6, 1917, and the United States entered World War I.

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