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DO NOW

DO NOW. Define the term “Reconstruction” as it is used following the Civil War. The Reconstruction Era. Ruins seen from the capitol, Columbia, S.C., 1865 . Photographed by George N. Barnard. 165-SC-53. http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-113.jpg. Learning Goals.

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DO NOW

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  1. DO NOW • Define the term “Reconstruction” as it is used following the Civil War.

  2. The Reconstruction Era Ruins seen from the capitol, Columbia, S.C., 1865. Photographed by George N. Barnard. 165-SC-53. http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-113.jpg

  3. Learning Goals • EQ • Was Reconstruction a success or a failure? • LT • Assess the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on the United States. • POU (I’ll know I’ve got it when…) • I can compare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, and Radical Republicans.

  4. After the War • South lay in ruins (destroyed) • Nearly 4 million freedman (freed slaves) needed food, clothing, & jobs • President Lincoln planned for Reconstruction, the rebuilding of the South Ruins seen from the Circular Church, Charleston, S.C., 1865. 111-B-4667. http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-112.jpg

  5. Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan • Reunite Union quickly • Southern state could form a new government after 10% of its voters swore loyalty to U.S. • States also had to abolish slavery http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-188.jpg

  6. Acts of Congress • Freedman’s Bureauwas created by Congress • It gave food, clothing, & other kinds of help to the freedman. • 13th Amendment • Ratified in 1865 • Ended slavery throughout the U.S. • Congress wants stricter Reconstruction

  7. Glimpses at the Freedmen - The Freedmen's Union Industrial School, Richmond, Va. / from a sketch by Jas E. Taylor (1866). • Room of African American women sewing. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/aaodyssey:@field(NUMBER+@band(cph+3a33775))

  8. Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865 • Andrew Johnson became President John Wilkes Booth http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-198.jpg http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-202.jpg

  9. Reconstruction Plan of Andrew Johnson • A majority of southern voters must swear loyalty to the U.S. • Each state must approve the 13th Amendment • Forgive war debts Andrew Johnson, Vice President & President http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-187.jpg

  10. Response to Johnson’s Plan • Southern States met Johnson’s demands • Freedmen were still not allowed to vote & former Confederate Leaders were elected to Congress • Radical Republicans in Congress decide to take over Reconstruction

  11. Radical Reconstruction • Radical Republicans in Congress decide to take over Reconstruction • They wanted to break the power of the southern planters and to make sure African Americans had the right to vote. • Reconstruction Acts are passed to take over Reconstruction http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/sespics/34004.jpg

  12. Radical Reconstruction • Southern states had to ratify the 14th and 15th Amendments • 14th Amendment, 1868 – All people born in the U.S. are citizens. No state may take away rights of citizens. • 15th Amendment, 1870 – The right to vote cannot be denied to citizens because of their race or color or because they were once enslaved. • Southern states had to write new state constitutions • Created 5 military districts that would govern the South

  13. Changes in the South? • Southern Republicans (scalawags), whites from the North (carpetbaggers), & freed African Americans played important roles in southern governments. • South occupied by U.S. military for nearly 10 years • Ku Klux Klan (KKK) -- formed by white southerners to help them regain power & to keep African Americans and White Republicans out of office. Link to Pictures:http://www.grant.k12.ca.us/schools/rljr/students/resistance_to_reconstructi.htm

  14. RECONSTRUCTIONEXIT QUIZ • Use your notes from today to help you complete the quiz. • Turn in the quiz as you leave the classroom today. • Have a great weekend!

  15. Reconstruction Ends • Reconstruction ended after presidential candidate Rutherford B. Hayes made a private deal with southern politicians. • After Reconstruction, a new industrial economy began to emerge in the South. • Southern whites pass new laws to deny African Americans equal rights. • Poll Taxes, Literacy Tests, & Grandfather Clauses • Segregation, Jim Crow Laws, Lynching • Civil Rights Movement (100 years later)

  16. Sources • Civil War Pictures from the National Archives http://www.archives.gov/research/civil-war/photos/ • Many Reconstruction http://cla.calpoly.edu/~lcall/204/outline.weekfour.html

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