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Chapter 1: Information Security Fundamentals

Chapter 1: Information Security Fundamentals. Mission College CIT 016 Security+. Objectives. Identify the challenges for information security Define information security Explain the importance of information security. Objectives. List and define information security terminology

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Chapter 1: Information Security Fundamentals

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  1. Chapter 1: Information Security Fundamentals Mission College CIT 016 Security+

  2. Objectives • Identify the challenges for information security • Define information security • Explain the importance of information security

  3. Objectives • List and define information security terminology • Describe the CompTIA Security+ certification exam • Describe information security careers

  4. Challenges for Information Security • Challenge of keeping networks and computers secure has never been greater • A number of trends illustrate why security is becoming increasingly difficult • Many trends have resulted in security attacks growing at an alarming rate

  5. Identifying the Challenges for Information Security (continued) • Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) security organization compiles statistics regarding number of reported attacks, including: • Speed of attacks • Sophistication of attacks • Faster detection of weaknesses • Distributed attacks • Difficulties of patching

  6. Challenges for Information Security

  7. Challenges for Information Security

  8. Defining Information Security • Information security: • Tasks of guarding digital information, which is typically processed by a computer (such as a personal computer), stored on a magnetic or optical storage device (such as a hard drive or DVD), and transmitted over a network spacing

  9. Defining Information Security • Ensures that protective measures are properly implemented • Is intended to protect information • Involves more than protecting the information itself

  10. Defining Information Security

  11. Defining Information Security • Three characteristics of information must be protected by information security: • Confidentiality • Integrity • Availability • Center of diagram shows what needs to be protected (information) • Information security achieved through a combination of the three above entities

  12. Importance of Information Security • Information security is important to businesses: • Prevents data theft • Avoids legal consequences of not securing information • Maintains productivity • Foils cyberterrorism • Thwarts identity theft

  13. Preventing Data Theft • Security often associated with theft prevention • Drivers install security systems on their cars to prevent the cars from being stolen • Same is true with information security―businesses cite preventing data theft as primary goal of information security

  14. Preventing Data Theft (continued) • Theft of data is single largest cause of financial loss due to a security breach • One of the most important objectives of information security is to protect important business and personal data from theft

  15. Avoiding Legal Consequences • In recent years, a number of federal and state laws have been enacted to protect the privacy or electronic data. • Businesses that fail to protect data may face serious penalties • Laws include: • The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) • The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Sarbox) • The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) • USA PATRIOT Act 2001

  16. HIPAA • Health Insurance Portability and Accounting Act (1996) • Title I of HIPAA protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs. • Title II, the Administrative Simplification (AS) provisions, requires the establishment of national standards for electronic health care transactions and national identifiers for providers, health insurance plans, and employers. • The AS provisions also address the security and privacy of health data. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIPAA

  17. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 • Federal law passed in response to a number of major corporate and accounting scandals. • SOX or SarbOX requires stringent reporting requirements and internal controls on electronic financial reporting systems. • Corporate officers who knowingly certify a false financial report can be fined up to $5 million and serve 20 yrs. in prison. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarbanes-Oxley_Act

  18. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) • The GLBA requires banks and financial institutions to alert customers of their policies and practices in disclosing customer information. • The GLBA also states that all electronic and paper data containing personally identifiable financial information must be protected. • The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) also allowed commercial and investment banks to consolidate. http://www.consumerprivacyguide.org/law/glb.shtml http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramm-Leach-Bliley_Act

  19. US Patriot Act (2001) • Designed to broaden the surveillance of law enforcement agencies so they can detect and suppress terrorism. • The US Patriot Act also authorizes law enforcement to install electronic monitoring devices to assess computer and telephone usage. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_Act http://www.epic.org/privacy/terrorism/usapatriot/ http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:h.r.03162:

  20. Maintaining Productivity • After an attack on information security, clean-up efforts divert resources, such as time and money away from normal activities • A Corporate IT Forum survey of major corporations showed: • Each attack costs a company an average of $213,000 in lost man-hours and related costs • One-third of corporations reported an average of more than 3,000 man-hours lost

  21. Maintaining Productivity

  22. Foiling Cyberterrorism • An area of growing concern among defense experts are surprise attacks by terrorist groups using computer technology and the Internet (cyberterrorism) • These attacks could cripple a nation’s electronic and commercial infrastructure • Our challenge in combating cyberterrorism is that many prime targets are not owned and managed by the federal government http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/cyberwar/

  23. Thwarting Identity Theft • Identity theft involves using someone’s personal information, such as social security numbers, to establish bank or credit card accounts that are then left unpaid, leaving the victim with the debts and ruining their credit rating • National, state, and local legislation continues to be enacted to deal with this growing problem • The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 is a federal law that addresses identity theft • Consumers can receive a free copy of their credit report once every year.

  24. Information Security Terminology

  25. Exploring the CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam • Since 1982, the Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA) has been working to advance the growth of the IT industry • CompTIA is the world’s largest developer of vendor-neutral IT certification exams • The CompTIA Security+ certification tests for mastery in security concepts and practices

  26. Exploring the CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam • Exam was designed with input from security industry leaders, such as VeriSign, Symantec, RSA Security, Microsoft, Sun, IBM, Novell, and Motorola • The Security+ exam is designed to cover a broad range of security topics categorized into five areas or domains • General Security Concepts – 30% • Communication Security – 20% • Infrastructure Security – 20% • Basics of Cryptography – 15% • Operational and Organizational Security 15%

  27. Surveying Information Security Careers • Information security is one of the fastest growing career fields • As information attacks increase, companies are becoming more aware of their vulnerabilities and are looking for ways to reduce their risks and liabilities

  28. Surveying Information Security Careers • Sometimes divided into three general roles: • Security manager develops corporate security plans and policies, provides education and awareness, and communicates with executive management about security issues • Security engineer designs, builds, and tests security solutions to meet policies and address business needs • Security administrator configures and maintains security solutions to ensure proper service levels and availability

  29. Summary • The challenge of keeping computers secure is becoming increasingly difficult • Attacks can be launched without human intervention and infect millions of computers in a few hours • Information security protects the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information on the devices that store, manipulate, and transmit the information through products, people, and procedures

  30. Summary (continued) • Information security has its own set of terminology • A threat is an event or an action that can defeat security measures and result in a loss • CompTIA has been working to advance the growth of the IT industry and those individuals working within it • CompTIA is the world’s largest developer of vendor-neutral IT certification exams

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