European Economic Influence in America

1. European Economic Influence in America VUS.3

2. What were the three types of colonies found in the New World?

3. Three Types of American Colonies Royal colony Proprietary Charter, or Self-governing

4. What was a Royal colony like?

5. Royal Colony Controlled by the Crown or the King through an appointed governor Examples of Royal colonies: Virginia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia

6. What was a proprietary colony?

7. Proprietary Colony Established by an individual,family or group of individuals that were granted rights and privileges to a specific region by the king Usually given the land in payment for a debt owed by the king Examples include: Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Delaware

8. Name two charter or self-governing colonies.

9. Charter colonies Rhode Island -- founded by Roger Williams in 1636. He had been expelled from the Massachusetts colony for religious beliefs and practices; he spoke out for Indians� and women�s rights. Connecticut -- founded by Thomas Hooker in 1636. Responsible for the development of �The Fundamental Orders� - 1st written constitution in the New World

10. Who were the Huguenots?

11. Huguenots They were French Protestants of the 16th and 17th centuries They came to America to avoid persecution in France for their religious beliefs. Settled mainly in the Carolinas.

12. Who were the Quakers?

13. Quakers A religious group who believed in freedom of religious expression. They observed no formalized ritual system. They opposed military service and refused to take oaths Sometimes the religion was known by the name, The Society of Friends

14. Which colony was mainly settled by the Quakers?

15. Quaker settlement Pennsylvania

16. Which colony was settled as a refuge for Catholics?

17. Catholic refuge Maryland

18. Which colony was settled as a refuge for debtors?

19. Debtors Refuge Georgia

20. Where were patroonships established?

21. Patroonships New Netherland, later known as New York

22. Which colony was first settled by the Swedes?

23. Swedish settlement Delaware

24. What was a patroon?

25. Patroon Title of a member of the class of large Dutch landowners in the colony of New Netherland The title was conferred upon anyone who settled 50 persons in the area within a 4 year period

26. Name the New England colonies and their major sources of income.

27. Income of the New England colonies New England colonies: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Vermont Income sources: shipbuilding, fishing,lumbering, small scale farming, and manufacturing

28. Name the four Middle colonies and their main source of income.

29. Middle Colonies Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York All produced agricultural products, especially grains They also produced iron products, glassware, pottery and furniture In the wilderness areas, fur trade was strong

30. Name the Southern colonies and their main source of income.

31. Southern Colonies Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia All of these colonies were involved in large-scale agricultural activities Farms were referred to as plantations because of their massive size and their use of slave labor Crops raised included tobacco, cotton, and rice.

32. What were indentured Servants?

33. Indentured Servants Most came to the colonies from Europe to work on farms Their passage to the colonies was free�paid for by landowners who needed farm workers They agreed to work for their patrons for a period of seven years to pay for their passage At the end of the seven years, they were free.

34. What kind of values did the worker in New England display?

35. Work Values Reflected the Puritans� strong belief in the values of hard work and thrift Sometimes this is referred to as the �Puritan Work Ethic�

36. What commercial centers and seaports began to grow and develop in the Middle colonies?

37. Seaports and Cities Baltimore Philadelphia New York

38. What were cash crops raised in the Southern Colonies?

39. Cash crops Cash crops were those that were in high demand on the European market These crops included: tobacco, cotton, rice, and indigo

40. What was the society in New England based upon?

41. New England society Religious standing within the community Was the individual one of the �elect�? Had the individual been chosen by God to be �saved�? Those within the Puritan community had little tolerance for those who disagreed with their religious beliefs and values

42. Why were the Middle Colonies an area of religious diversity?

43. Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies were the home to a variety of religious persuasions. The Quakers settled in Pennsylvania. The Catholics settled in Maryland. Both groups were well-known for their religious toleration. Both colonies developed a more flexible social structure.

44. Did religious ideas and values dominate the lives of settlers in the Southern colonies?

45. Southern colonies Social structure based on family status and ownership of land Large landowners dominated colonial government and society Most in the South belonged to the Church of England, though they were usually considered fringe members In the wilderness, people were characterized as being hard-working and of sturdy stock

46. What was the Great Awakening?

47. Great Awakening Was a religious revival movement in the 1730s and 1740s Led by Jonathan Edwards and George Whitfield These men preached an emotional type of religion emphasizing sin and unworthiness �fire and brimstone�

48. What was the institution of slavery?

49. Slavery A labor system used in many countries Employed the use of unpaid labor for performing job tasks usually in an agricultural setting Came about as a result of the use of plantation economies and labor shortages in the colonies

50. When and how did slavery get its start in America?

51. Slavery in America Began with the introduction of slaves into the colonial population of the Virginia Colony Came to America in 1619 a need for cheap labor on the plantations

52. What was the �Middle Passage�?

53. Middle Passage Was the forcible introduction of slaves into the American labor force Because there was a need for cheap, inexpensive labor Pushed Southerners to develop a slave-based economy, which would eventually lead to conflict

54. What was the term �mercantilism�? How did it affect life in the colonies?

55. Mercantilism Refers to the idea that the colonies exist for the economic benefit of the �Mother Country� Colonies must maintain a �favorable balance of trade� which means they must export goods of greater value than they import