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Modern Engine Technology

Modern Engine Technology. CHE 384 Ted Kane 17 November 2005. Modern Engine Technology. Engine Technology PFI GDI Advanced Diesel HEDGE Modeling Tools Federal Regulations Passenger Cars Heavy-Duty Trucks. Port Fuel Injection. Allows more precise fuel/air mixture control

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Modern Engine Technology

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  1. Modern Engine Technology CHE 384 Ted Kane 17 November 2005

  2. Modern Engine Technology • Engine Technology • PFI • GDI • Advanced Diesel • HEDGE • Modeling Tools • Federal Regulations • Passenger Cars • Heavy-Duty Trucks

  3. Port Fuel Injection • Allows more precise fuel/air mixture control • Allows the use of the the 3-way Catalyst • Provides a 96% reduction in HC and CO • Provides a 88% reduction in NOx • Typically about 34% peak efficiency

  4. Gasoline Direct Injection • Provides more flexibility with fuel injection timing • 20% Fuel Economy Increase over PFI • Engine out emissions are better than PFI • Tailpipe Emissions are worse than PFI • Produces Particulate Matter

  5. Advanced Diesel Control • Required to meet 2007 Standards • Particulate Filters • Lean NOx Catalyst • Drops peak efficiency to ~37%

  6. Advanced Diesel Schematic

  7. HEDGE • High Efficiency Durable Gasoline Engine • High Compression Otto Cycle Engine • Can attain Diesel Like Efficiency (~40%)

  8. HEDGE Flow Schematic

  9. HEDGE Operation

  10. Diesel vs Otto

  11. EPA Car Emission Standards

  12. EPA Truck Emissions Standards

  13. EPA Truck Emissions Standards

  14. Modeling • DOE ANL Transportation Technology • GREET • PSAT • Combined to provide Well-to-Wheel Estimate of emissions and fuel economy

  15. GREET(Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation) • Well-to-Pump Emissions Tool

  16. GREET(Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation)

  17. PSAT(Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit) • Produced by ANL • Allows for simulated emissions test drive cycles • Can be converted into prototype control system • Pump-to-Wheel Emissions Estimates

  18. University of Texas Involvement • Sponsored by ANL and GM • UT Attempting to implement first HEDGE engine in a vehicle • Potential 40% increase in Fuel Economy • Potential to meet 2006 Tier 2 standards

  19. Conclusion • Engine Technology has greatly reduced emissions leading to Ozone and CO • Modeling allows designers to analyze full system impact, while reducing cycle time and including Wheel-to-Well emissions • Government regulations continue to drive technology

  20. References • Leet, J., S. Simescu, K. Froelund, L. Dodge, C. Roberts. “Emissions Solutions for 2007 and 2010 Heavy-Duty Diesel Enginer”. SAE 2004-01-0124 • Matthews, R.D., (2001), Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering, Spring 2001 Draft, Harper-Collins. • GREET http://www.transportation.anl.gov/software/GREET/index.html • PSAT http://www.transportation.anl.gov/software/PSAT/index.html • Iwamoto, Y., K. Noma, O. Nakayama, T. Yamauchi and H. Ando, (1997), “Development of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine”, SAE Paper 970541. • Pirault, J., T. Ryan, T. Alger, C. Roberts, (2005), “Performance Prediction for High Efficiency Stoichiometric Spark Ignited Enginer”, SAE Paper SAE 2005-01-0995 • Alger, T., S. Hanhe, C. Roberts, T. Ryan, (2005), “The Heavy Duty Gasoline Engine – A Multi-Cylinder Study of a High Efficiency, Low Emissions Technology”, SAE Paper SAE 2005-01-1135 • Heavy Duty Emissions Regulations http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/us/hd.html

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