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Agenda

Agenda. Warm Up Discussion: Revolutions in Latin America Last Time for Study Guide Time HW: Study for Test NEXT CLASS: Wednesday 3/14. Warm Up. AP MC Questions. Latin American Revolution. Colonial Society in Latin America. Peninsulares

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Agenda

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  1. Agenda • Warm Up • Discussion: Revolutions in Latin America • Last Time for Study Guide Time HW: Study for Test NEXT CLASS: Wednesday 3/14

  2. Warm Up AP MC Questions

  3. Latin American Revolution

  4. Colonial Society in Latin America • Peninsulares • Men born in Spain, able to hold high offices. • Creoles • Spaniards born in Latin America • Led most revolutions • Mestizos • Mixed descent, European and Indian • Mulattos • Mixed descent, European and African • Indians & Africans • Oppressed minority.

  5. Haiti • 500,000 Enslaved Africans • 1791, Toussaint L’Ouveture emerges as leader in the Haitian Revolution. • French attempt to intervene, and L’Ouveture agrees to stop the revolt if slavery is outlawed. • 1803- Arrested and dies 10 months later. • Haiti wins independence in 1804.

  6. End of Spanish Rule in South America • Two major generals begin revolt. • Simon Bolivar • Venezuela declares independence from Spain in 1811. • 1819, surprised the Spanish Army and won, independence gained in 1821.

  7. Jose de San Martin • Argentina declares independence from Spain in 1816. • Frees Chile by 1817 after marching through the Andes. • Martin and Bolivar combine his forces in Peru. • Bolivar stays with troops, and in 1824 they declare independence in Peru. • San Martin leaves for France

  8. Bolivar San Martin

  9. Mexico • Indians and Mestizos play a role in the independence movement. • Miguel Hidalgo (Priest) makes the first cry for independence in 1810. • 60,000 march on Mexico City 1810-1811 • Creoles and Spanish army move against lower class Revolution • Defeat Miguel Hidalgo’s army in 1811 • Firing Squad • 1821 Mexico gains independence from Spain.

  10. Brazil • Peaceful exchange of power. • Petition for Freedom • Portuguese King escapes Napoleon’s army by going to Brazil. • Dom Pedro takes power, and the Portuguese king agreed to independence.

  11. Impact of Revolution • Independence brought an increase in poverty. • Lose of social stability • Lack of government solidarity • Lack of regulated economy • A united Latin America collapses and struggles with poverty and upheaval.

  12. Objective Questions for today • Who is the major leader of the independence movement in Venezuela? • Who would identify as a Peninsulares? • Who identifies as a Mestizo? • Who identifies as a Creole? • Where did Miguel Hidalgo lead his Revolution? • How does Napoleon inadvertently aid in several Revolutionary movements in Latin America? • Why does Revolution lead to instability in the region? • Which independent movement differed from others in the region? Why?

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