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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry. S t o i c h i o m e t r y. A q u a n t i t a t i v e s t u d y o f c h e m i c a l c h a n g e s. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s .

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Stoichiometry

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  1. Stoichiometry

  2. S t o i c h i o m e t r y A q u a n t i t a t i v e s t u d y o f c h e m i c a l c h a n g e s

  3. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s G i v e n a c e r t a i n a m o u n t o f r e a c t a n t , h o w m u c h p r o d u c t c a n b e f o r m e d ?

  4. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s T h e m o l e r a t i o f r o m t h e c o e f f i c i e n t s i n a b a l a n c e d e q u a t i o n i s u s e d t o c h a n g e f r o m o n e s u b s t a n c e t o a n o t h e r .

  5. M o l e F r a c t i o n FeS + 2HCl H2S + FeCl2 1 mole FeS = 1 mole H2S

  6. M o l e F r a c t i o n FeS + 2HCl H2S + FeCl2 2 mole HCl = 1 mole H2S

  7. Mass-Mass Steps: 1. Write the balanced equation.

  8. Mass-Mass Steps: 2. Put given mass on a factor-label form.

  9. Mass-Mass Steps: 3. Convert mass of reactant to moles of reactant.

  10. Mass-Mass Steps: 4. Convert moles of reactant to moles of product.

  11. Mass-Mass Steps: 5. Convert moles of product to grams of product.

  12. Mass-Mass Steps: 6. Pick up the calculator and do the math.

  13. M a s s - M a s s p r o b l e m s u s u a l l y l o o k l i k e t h i s :

  14. I f i r o n p y r i t e , F e S 2 , i s n o t r e m o v e d f r o m c o a l , o x y g e n f r o m t h e a i r w i l l c o m b i n e w i t h b o t h t h e i r o n a n d t h e s u l f u r a s c o a l b u r n s.

  15. W r i t e a b a l a n c e d e q u a t i o n s h o w i n g t h e f o r m a t i o n o f i r o n ( I I I ) o x i d e a n d s u l f u r d i o x i d e.

  16. N o w t h e m a s s - m a s s p a r t : I f a f u r n a c e b u r n s a n a m o u n t o f c o a l c o n t a i n i n g 1 0 0 g o f F e S 2 , h o w m u c h s u l f u r d i o x i d e i s p r o d u c e d ?

  17. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s S t e p 1: W r i t e t h e b a l a n c e d e q u a t i o n f o r t h e r e a c t i o n .

  18. F e S 2 + O 2 F e 2 O 3 + S O 2

  19. B a l a n c e t h e e q u a t i o n : • D i a t o m i c m o l e c u l e s • M e t a l s • N o n m e t a l s • O x y g e n • H y d r o g e n • R e c o u n t a l l a t o m s • R e d u c e , i f n e e d e d

  20. 4 F e S 2 + 11 O 2 2 F e 2 O 3 + 8 S O 2

  21. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s S t e p 2: W r i t e w h a t i s g i v e n .

  22. 1 0 0 g F e S 2 W r i t e w h a t i s g i v e n

  23. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s S t e p 3: C o n v e r t m a s s o f r e a c t a n t t o m o l e s o f r e a c t a n t .

  24. 1 0 0 g F e S 2 1 m o l e F e S 2 1 2 0 g F e S 2 formula mass: Fe = 1 X 56 = 56 S = 2 X 32 = 64 120 C o n v e r t g r a m s t o m o l e s

  25. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s S t e p 4: U s e c o e f f i c i e n t s o f r e a c t a n t a n d p r o d u c t i n t h e b a l a n c e d e q u a t i o n

  26. 4 F e S 2 + 11 O 2 2 F e 2 O 3 + 8 S O 2 R e a c t a n t P r o d u c t

  27. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s S t e p 4: C o n v e r t m o l e s o f r e a c t a n t t o m o l e s o f p r o d u c t .

  28. 1 m o l e F e S 2 1 0 0 g F e S 2 1 2 0 g F e S 2 2 m o l e S O 2 1 m o l e F e S 2 C h a n g e s u b s t a n c e s

  29. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s S t e p 5: C o n v e r t m o l e s o f p r o d u c t t o g r a m s o f p r o d u c t .

  30. 1 m o l e F e S 2 1 0 0 g F e S 2 1 2 0 g F e S 2 2 m o l e S O 2 6 4 g S O 2 1 m o l e F e S 2 1 m o l e S O 2 C o n v e r t m o l e s t o g r a m s

  31. M a s s - M a s s P r o b l e m s S t e p 6: U s e c a l c u l a t o r t o d o t h e m a t h .

  32. 100 g FeS2 1 mole FeS2 2 mole SO2 64 g SO2 120 g FeS2 1 mole FeS2 1 mole SO2 1 0 7 g S O 2 = D o t h e m a t h

  33. 100 g FeS2 1 mole FeS2 2 mole SO2 64 g SO2 120 g FeS2 1 mole FeS2 1 mole SO2 R e m e m b e r : F a c t o r - l a b e l c a n c e l s u n i t s

  34. P r a c t i c e

  35. Problem #1

  36. Problem #2

  37. Problem #3

  38. More P r a c t i c e

  39. How much silver is obtained from the decomposition of 100 grams of silver oxide?

  40. 2Ag2O --> 4Ag + O2

  41. 100g Ag2O 1 mole Ag2O 4 mole Ag 108g Ag 232g 2 mole 1 mole Ag Ag2O Ag2O 2Ag2O --> 4Ag + O2 Ag - 2 X 108 = 216 O - 1 X 16 = 16 232 93g Ag

  42. 50g of iron (II) sulfide react with an excess of HCl in a double displacement reaction. How many grams of hydrogen sulfide are produced?

  43. FeS + 2HCl --> H2S + FeCl250g FeS 1 mole FeS 1 mole H2S 34g H2S 88g FeS 1 mole FeS 1 mole FeS 19 g H2S

  44. How much ammonium hydroxide is produced when 25g of ammonium phosphate react with an excess of barium hydroxide in a double displacement reaction?

  45. 2(NH4)3PO4 + 3Ba(OH)2 --> 6NH4OH + Ba3(PO4)225g 1 mole 6 mole 35g(NH4)3PO4(NH4)3PO4 NH4OH NH4OH 149g 2 mole 1 mole (NH4)3PO4(NH4)3PO4NH4OH 18g NH4OH

  46. Calcium and aluminum chloride combine in a single displacement reaction. Assuming a sufficient amount of calcium is used, how much aluminum is produced from 10g of aluminum chloride?

  47. 3Ca + 2AlCl3 --> 2Al + 3CaCl210g AlCl31 mole AlCl3 2 mole Al 27g Al 132g AlCl3 2 mole AlCl3 1 mole Al 2g Al

  48. Limiting Reactant

  49. The reactant that is completely consumed in a reaction

  50. Excess reactant: the reactant that remains after the reaction stops

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