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Operating System Basic & Microsoft Windows

An introduction to computer operating systems and computer networks, including the role of the operating system, benefits of computer networks, and different types of kernels.

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Operating System Basic & Microsoft Windows

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  1. Operating System Basic & Microsoft Windows

  2. Operating System Basic • A. Overview Of PC Operating Systems • Computer operating systems are computer software or software that is tasked to perform control and management of hardware and basic system operations, including run software applications such as data processing programs that can be used to facilitate human activity. Operating System in English is called the Operating System, or commonly abbreviated with the OS.Operating system software on your computer is a first layer that is placed on computer memory, (computer memory in this case there are hard drive, not the ram memory) when the computer starts up. While other software is run after walking Computer Operating System and Operating System will perform the core public service for software that. Common core services such as access to the disk, memory management, task scheduling, and user interface. So that each of the software no longer need to perform the core duties of the public, because it can be served and performed by the Operating System. Section of code that perform core tasks and the general is called with an Operating System kernel.Operating System serves as a liaison between the hardware layer and software layer. in addition, the computer Operating System do all the commands are also important in the computer, and ensure that different applications can run smoothly functions simultaneously without a hitch. Computer Operating System to ensure other software applications can use the memory, perform input and output to other equipment, and have access to the file system. If several applications running concurrently, then the Computer Operating System would set a proper schedule, so that as much as possible all the processes running on computers that have enough time to use the CPU and not mutually interfere with other devices.Examples of such computer operating system is Windows, Linux, MacOS, etc.

  3. Operating System Basic B. PCs And Computer Networks The computer network is a group of autonomous computers interconnected with each other between, using a communication protocol through the medium of communication, either wired or wirelessly (wireless) so that they can share data or information, programs, or hardware (hardware) and so on. In addition a computer network can also be interpreted as a set number of communication terminals that are set in various locations, amounting to two or more interconnected computers. Two computers are said to form a network when exchanging data or information. As for the benefits of computer networks are as follows:1. sharing resourcesEquipment or other peripherals can be used by anyone who is on a single network.2. media communicationParingan computer allows the communication links between other users, exchange of data or information over long distances.3. data integrationThe use of computer networks may prevent dependence on a central computer, because the computer network computing process should not be done on one computer, but can be distributed to other computers.4. Development and maintenanceWith a computer network, development and maintenance can be done easily and cost-saving.5. data securityComputer network system can provide guarantees of data security, data security assurance through the provision of access rights.6. Resources more efficiently and updated informationIn the presence of computer networks, the use of the equipment can be used together. So the user can make the most of existing resources.

  4. Operating System Basic • C. The Kernel • Kernel is a software which is a major part of an operating system. His duty to serve a variety of application programs to access the computer hardware securely.Due to limited access to hardware, while more than one program that should be served at the same time, the kernel is also tasked to regulate when and how long a program can use one part of the hardware. It is called as multiplexing. • There are four categories of the kernel:1. Monolithic kernel. Kernel that provides the hardware abstraction of the rich and powerful.2. Microkernel. Kernel which provides only a small set of simple hardware abstraction, and use the applications referred to as a server to provide other functions.3. Hybrid (modification of the microkernel). Kernel-like microkernel, but he also put some extra code in the kernel so that it becomes faster.4. Exokernel. Kernel does not provide hardware abstraction altogether, but it provides a set of libraries that provide functions to access the hardware directly or almost directly

  5. Operating System Basic D. The User Interface (User Interface) is a communication mechanism between the user (the user) with the system. User interface (UI) can receive information from the user (the user) and provide information to the user (the user) to help direct the path search problem to find a solution.user interface, functions to input new knowledge into the knowledge base of expert system (ES), featuring an explanation system and provides guidance on the overall use of the system step by step so that the user understands what will be done on a system. The most important thing in building the user interface is easy to use / run the system, interactive, communicative, while the difficulties in developing / building a program do not be disclosed.

  6. Operating System Basic E. The File System File system interface is a logical structure for controlling access to existing data on the disk. File system provides a mechanism for storing data and programs held by the operating system and all users of the computer system. File system consists of two parts:1. collection of files, each of which stores data relating2. directory structure that organizes and provides information on all the files in the systemEach of these operating systems use different ways of regulating and controlling access to data in the disk. Method and control arrangement is not dependent on the specifics of the hardware. For example a hard drive with the same specifications can use a different file system.

  7. Operating System Basic • F. Command Desktop Operating System • As of September 2009, desktop operating system is Windows XP the most common, with about 70% of market share. Next is Windows Vista, with 18% of the market share. Next is Windows Vista, with 18% of market share. Mac OS X 10.5 is next with 3% of the market share. Mac OS X 10.5 next with 3% of market share. Windows 7 has 1.5% of the market share. Windows 7 has 1.5% of market share. Mac OS X 10.4 has about 1% and is virtually tied with Linux. Mac OS X 10.4 has about 1% and nearly tied with Linux.

  8. Microsoft Windows • MS-DOS • MS-DOS, short for Microsoft Disk Operating System, is an operating system that is widely used by the IBM-PC or compatible with it. Microsoft made MS-DOS as a mainstream operating system, before eventually stop supporting MS-DOS slowly when they make a graphical interface-based operating system (also known as GUI) for the mainstream market, which is referred to as Microsoft Windows.MS-DOS was first released in 1981, and over time, Microsoft also launched a newer version of MS-DOS. No fewer than eight times until Microsoft released new versions of MS-DOS from 1981 until Microsoft stop supporting MS-DOS in 2000. MS-DOS is one key to Microsoft's success in producing the software, from a small company when founded programming language to become a software company that seemed to rule the world.

  9. Microsoft Windows • B. Microsoft Windows 3.1 • In response to the release of the IBM OS / 2 version 2.0 to the market, Microsoft developed the Windows 3.1, which offers some minor enhancement to the Windows 3.0 (as well as the ability to display the Fonts TrueType fonts, developed jointly by Apple), and also contained in them a lot of bug fixes and support for multimedia. Version 3.1 also removes support for real mode, so it only runs in protected mode which only the Intel 80286 microprocessor or higher. Microsoft was finally released Windows 3.11, which is a version of Windows 3.1 that includes all patches and fixes released after Windows 3.1 was launched in 1992.

  10. Microsoft Windows • C. Windows 9x • Windows 9x is a family of operating systems including Microsoft Windows 16/32 bit versions of Windows, namely Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows Me, and produced between 1990 and 2000. All versions of Windows 9x has a number of internal version 4.x

  11. Microsoft Windows • D. Windows NT & Windows 2000 • Windows NT 4.0 has the look and feel of Windows 95; however, it is a completely different operating system. Windows NT contains advanced security features, advanced network support, full 32-bit operating system, advanced multitasking, user administration and much more. While NT is a very advanced operating system, it does lack the support of drivers, features, and gaming support when compared to Windows 95 / Windows 98 and is why, even today, Windows NT is still used primarily by businesses and technical users. • Windows 2000 is based of the Windows NT Kernel and is sometimes referred to as Windows NT 5.0. Windows 2000 contains over 29 Million lines of code, mainly written in C++. 8 Million of those lines alone are written for drivers. Currently, Windows 2000 is by far one of the largest commercial projects ever built. • Some of the significant features of Windows 2000 Professional are: • Support for FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS. • Increased uptime of the system and significantly fewer OS reboot scenarios. • Windows Installer tracks applications and recognizes and replaces missing components. • Protects memory of individual apps and processes to avoid a single app bringing the system down. • Encrypted File Systems protects sensitive data. • Secure Virtual Private Networking (VPN) supports tunneling in to private LAN over public Internet. • Personalized menus adapt to the way you work. • Multilingual version allows for User Interface and help to switch, based on logon. • Includes broader support for high-speed networking devices, including Native ATM and cable modems.

  12. Microsoft Windows • E. Windows XP • convergence of the two major Microsoft operating systems into one. • Windows XP is available in the below versions: • Home Edition - Full / UpgradeProfessional - Full / Upgrade • Additional listing of Microsoft Windows versions can be found on our Windows version page. • Windows XP is designed more for users who may not be familiar with all of Windows features and has several new abilities to make the Windows experience more easy for those users. • Windows XP includes various new features not found in previous versions of Microsoft Windows. Below is a listing of some of these new features. • New interface - a completely new look and ability to change the look. • Updates - new feature that automatically obtains updates from the Internet. • Internet Explorer 6 - Includes Internet explorer 6 and new IM. • Multilingual support - added support for different languages. • In addition to the above features, Windows XP does increase reliability when compared to previous versions of Microsoft Windows.

  13. Microsoft Windows • F. Windows GUI • GUI (Graphical User Interface), is the interface to the operating system or computer that uses a graphical menu in order to facilitate its users to interact with the computer or operating system.Thus, the GUI is the interface on the computer operating system that uses a graphical menu. This graphical menu means there is a more emphasized to make the operating system user-friendly for those users more comfortable using a computer. Menu graphics are graphics-yes, like graphics or images and display the aim to facilitate the user using the operating system.In addition, the GUI is also an interface that uses input from the keyboard to interact with your computer

  14. Microsoft Windows • G. Windows CLI • CLI (Command Line Interface), is the interface to the operating system or computer that uses the command line or text menu or type the keyboard to interact premises of the operating system or computer.CLI is more directed to the operating system that is used as a server computer. • 1.  Setting Passwordrouter>enablerouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#enable password forumsains (set password untukmasukke mode privilege)router(config)#enable secret secret (set enkripsiuntuk password yang  disimpan) • 2. Setting Host Namerouter>enablerouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#hostname nama-host • 3. Setting VLANrouter>enablerouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#vlannomor-vlanrouter(config-vlan)#name nama-vlan

  15. Microsoft Windows 4. Setting IP Address pada VLANrouter>enablerouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#interface vlan 1router(config-if)#ip address address mask (misal: ip address 172.10.46.1 255.255.255.0)router(config-if)#no shutdown 5. Setting Identitaspada Port Cisco Catalystrouter>enablerouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#interface nama-portrouter(config-if)#description “Port Setting Identitas”router(config-if)#end 6. Setting IP Gatewayrouter>enablerouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#ip default-gateway address

  16. Microsoft Windows 7. Setting Port-Speed dan Link-Moderouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#interface nama-port (misal : interface fast ethernet 0/1)router(config-if)#speed 100router(config-if)#duplex fullrouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#interface nama-portrouter(config-if)#switchport mode accessrouter(config-if)#switchport access vlannama-vlanrouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#interface nama-portrouter(config-if)#switchport mode trunkrouter(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlannama-vlan 8. Setting Line VTYrouter#configure terminalrouter(config)#line vty 0 4router(config-line)#loginrouter(config-line)#password password 9. Setting Line Con 0router#configureterminal router(config)#line con 0 router(config-line)#login router(config-line)#password password 10. MelihatSemuaKonfigurasirouter#showrunning-config 11. MenghapusSemuaKonfigurasirouter#erasestartup-configrouter#dirrouter#deleteflash:vlan.datrouter#dirrouter#reload

  17. Microsoft Windows • H. Windows Control Panel • System and Security • Network and Internet • Hardware and sound • Programs • User Accounts and family safety • Appearance and personalization • Clock, language, and region • Ease of access Control Panel is part of the Microsoft Windows graphical user interface that allows users to view and manipulate basic system settings and controls via an applet, such as adding hardware, adding and removing software, controlling user accounts, and change the accessibility options. Additional applets can be provided by a third-party software

  18. Thank You

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