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Comparing P2P Systems

Explore various P2P systems including Chord, CAN, Tapestry, and more, highlighting target user types, design goals, fault tolerance, and data types. Discover the differences in design goals and fault tolerance strategies among systems like Freenet, Bayou, Squirrel, and others. Learn about innovative features such as data replication, query routing, and storage mechanisms in systems like Pangaea, Gia, OceanStore, and more. Gain insights into peer-to-peer file storage, data replication models, and network architectures to understand the strengths and limitations of different P2P systems.

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Comparing P2P Systems

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  1. Comparing P2P Systems Anthony D. Joseph John Kubiatowicz CS294-4

  2. Why so many systems? • Many different types of target users • Many different types of environments • Many design choices • Many hazards • Many data types • Many ….

  3. Chord CAN Tapestry Pastry Kademlia Viceroy Bamboo … Similar interfaces DHT, DOLR Different design goals Locality, Topology Fault-tolerance Networks

  4. Freenet Publis SFS Bayou FARSITE Logistical Networking Pangaea Pastiche Gia OceanStore PAST Squirrel CFS Ivy PeerDB PIER Systems We’ve Read About

  5. Freenet Anon, cens. resistant storage Objects ref’d by SHA-1 hash over content (GUID-CHK) Objs named by GUID-Signed Subspace Key pointing to CHKs Steepest Hill Climbing query routing with TTL Space allocated by popularity Power-law node degrees Tolerates up to 30% failure Publis FT, anon, censorship resistant storage Tamper evident, src anon, updatable, deniable Persistent, extensible Splits enc key into k shares Retrieve k shares for content Static mapping of share locations to servers Indirection-based (file) update mechanism vulnerable to server compromise Systems 1

  6. SFS Auth, secure, encrypted client-server storage and access control ACL-based auth of individuals, groups, and groups of groups Caching for speed and availability Bayou Replicated P2P DB Atomic operations Whole DB replication Operation-based updates Tentative local commits enforced by primary global commit Apps ctl data view Gossip-based info propagation Merge procedures for per-write conflict resolution Systems 2

  7. FARSITE P2P storage Max size ~105 Large-scale read-only sharing, small-scale read/write-sharing Complex lease mechanism Assumes user auth infra Byzantine ring formed for each namespace Reliability and availability through whole file replication Logistical Networking Network storage layer IBP: unreliable, transient byte-arrays on depots Aggregation into exNodes Can implement arbitrary reliability mechanisms Analog to Unix inodes Systems 3

  8. Pangaea Server-based replication Assumes trusted servers Two-levels of servers: Gold Fully connected clique Strong maintenance Bronze Limited connectivity Last writer wins conflict resolution Pastiche P2P data replication for whole machine backup Built on Pastry Enc storage of immutable chunked data Network distance or coverage based buddy choices Systems 4

  9. Gia Modified Gnutella protocol Argues against DHTs for this search type Transient P2P clients Keyword-based searches Searching for hay instead of needles Capacity-based topology adaptation Flow-ctrl for queries OceanStore Wide-area CS/P2P replicated, robust, secure, auth data storage Built on Tapestry, Bamboo Byzantine update commit Per-write conflict resolution Erasure coding based replication (robustness) with block caching (performance) Systems 5

  10. PAST P2P archival storage model No updates Whole-file storage Tries to balance per-node storage load (assumes ≤ 100x diff) Replica and file diversion to maintain k copies Squirrel Decentralized P2P web caching Homestore model: stores content at home and client nodes Directory model: use recent clients Systems 6

  11. CFS P2P file storage Lease-based Read-only for clients Publishers can update No explicit delete Built on Chord Storage load-balancing Provably efficient and robust Built on DHASH xface File split into blocks k replication Ivy R/W P2P file storage Log-based, built on DHASH Snapshot and view-based approach User control over consistency/serialization Systems 7

  12. PeerDB On path to a P2P DB No global schema Incomplete replication Dynamic reconfiguration Requires small subset of persistent servers PIER P2P DB Built on CAN and others Relaxed consistency Scalable with namespace model Std schemas Several join schemas Systems 8

  13. Commit model (e.g., primary, group, all) Information propagation model (e.g., flood, epidemic, multicast) Topology Search model (e.g., targeted, flood, epidemic, multicast) - Expressiveness - Information placement/autonomy Scaleability Target user? Reliability / robustness (i.e., data that is eventually available) Availabililty (i.e., data that is always available) Quality of service Anonymity/privacy Censorship-resistance Publisher/Server deniability File integrity File authenticity Evaluation Metrics

  14. Maintainability / Manageability Topology Roles: client, supernode, server Defense against selfish/ malicious behaviors Denial of svc resilience Scope of knowledge Needle vs Hay False negatives Static resilience vs MTTR Performance under churn Emergent behaviors Non-data services GRID computing Trust model (physical vs virtual) Authentication Authorization Admission control Integrity Node heterogeneity Function, capabilities, ownership, dynamic election/configuration Indirection between obj lookup and routing Application semantics used in routing Data type / structured data Metrics from class

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