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Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

Energy Flow in an Ecosystem. A. Ecosystems. 1. Ultimate energy source- the sun 2. Most energy in ecosystems will end up as unusable heat energy 3. Energy and nutrients are passed from organism to organism through the food chain as one organism consumes another.

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Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

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  1. Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

  2. A. Ecosystems • 1. Ultimate energy source- the sun • 2. Most energy in ecosystems will end up as unusable heat energy • 3. Energy and nutrients are passed from organism to organism through the food chain as one organism consumes another.

  3. 4. The flow of energy is one way • 5. Decomposers remove the last of energy available from the remains of organisms • 6. Inorganic nutrients are recycled, energy is not

  4. B. Energy flow

  5. 1. Trophic Level • Organisms position in the food chain • Levels: • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/science/core/8thgrd/student/Biology/chains.htm

  6. a. Primary Level • Producers / autotrophs • Make their own food • Perform photosynthesis and cellular respiration http://elib.cs.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-genre=Plant&rel-cname=like&where-cname=Smoke+Tree

  7. b. Secondary and Tertiary levels • Consumers / heterotrophs • Must obtain energy by eating • Perform cellular respiration • Omnivores, carnivores and herbivores. http://www.yahooligans.com/content/dl/animals/mammal7.html

  8. C. Types of Consumers • 1. Herbivores a) Plant eaters; feed on producers b) primary consumers http://www.desertusa.com/april97/du_desiguana.html

  9. 2. Omnivore • a) Eats plant/animal material • B)May be secondary or tertiary consumers http://www.state.ak.us/local/akpages/FISH.GAME/gallery/bigblack.gif

  10. 3. Carnivore a) Animal eater b) May be secondary or tertiary consumers

  11. D. Detrivores- Feed on Dead matter • Ex. Mites, Earthworms and Snails • E. Decomposers- Break Down Organic matter • Ex. Bacteria and Fungi

  12. 10% rule • When one organism consumes another, it only receives 10% of its energy. • Where does the other 90% go?

  13. Pyramid: Food, Biomass, Number .1 1 10 100 http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/gcsebitesize/science_biology/ecology/food_chains_and_webs_rev.shtml

  14. F. Ecological pyramids • Shows relationships between producers and consumers at the trophic levels of an ecosystem. *Biomass- the mass of all organisms at each trophic level.

  15. D. Food chains • Sequence of energy transfer from trophic level to trophic level.

  16. E. Food Web • 1. Network of interconnecting food chains

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