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Islam History, Culture and Religion Slide Presentation Part Three. Click on Arrows to Move Between Slides. Historical Growth of the Muslim World. Muslim Conquests of the East And Far East.
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Islam History, Culture and Religion Slide PresentationPart Three Click on Arrows to Move Between Slides
Historical Growthof the Muslim World Muslim Conquests of the East And Far East
Jerusalem has been in the hands of Islam many times. The loss of the holy city prompted the third crusade in 1189. Christians then occupied the city for two centuries with a constant pattern of shifting alliances.
A new phase of the development of Islamic societies is sometimes termed the “Gunpowder Empires” and Sultanates.
Under Safaid sponsorship, Iran entered a period of extraordinary religious, literary and philosophical creativity and became the religious culture of Iranians.
The sultans often commissioned elaborate furnishings for their mosque complexes. This walnut box was designed to hold a Qur’an manuscript of some thirty volumes. It was specifically made in 1505-6 for Bayezit’s mosque in Istanbul.
Muhmud of Ghazna (r. 997-1030) set the stage for the conquest and rule of South Asia with Turkic slaves who had served under Persian rulers. The period is called “the Slave Dynasties”. The wealth of India drew the Muslims further into the subcontinent with Ghazna, Lahore, and Madras as chief centers.
The Mughal emperor, Akbar, (r. 1555-1604) built this magnificent tomb for his father Humayun. An octagonal tomb of red sandstone enhanced with white marble. One of the earlier tombs to be located in a garden crossed by water channels and pathways.
There are more than 120 million Muslims in India, a population equal to Pakistan and Bangladesh combined. Ramadan in Delhi.
India's Muslim minority boasts an estimated 120 million people -- more than any Arab nation and almost as many as in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan -- it feels more threatened than ever before. To illustrate their concern, Muslims have only to look back to 1992, when Hindu radicals razed a 16th-century mosque, sparking widespread Hindu-Muslim riots that left more than 3,000 people dead.
Hindu radicals in 1992 attack and destroy the Babri Masjid (mosque) at Ayodhya. The incident provoked Hindu-Muslim riots in several cities.
Muslim militants plotting to topple Southeast Asian governments. Agence France PresseMay 30, 2002SINGAPOREMUSLIM militants were plotting to overthrow the governments of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore to set up an Asian Islamic state, Singapore's Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew said Friday, May 31. In a speech at the opening of an Asian security conference, Lee focused on the growing threat of militant terrorist groups which have "hijacked Islam as their driving force and have given it a virulent twist." The immediate threat to the region came from terrorist Islamic groups, and the stability of Indonesia, the world's most populous Muslim nation and home to a nest of militants, was crucial to the future of East Asia, he said.
Muslims who fought with al-Qaeda and Taliban forces in Afghanistan, have established "indigenous al-Qaeda-like groups in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and ... Singapore to overthrow these governments and set up an Islamic state," Lee said. Why is the United States the focus of terrorist attacks? It is its protracted conflict with Israel that has imprinted on the Islamic world the extent of its material weakness. And it is America's consistent support of the Jewish state, manifested over these last five decades, and the perceived toughening of Israel's policies toward Gaza and the West Bank that seem the proximate motive for Al-Qaeda's attack
Southeast Asian Islam is of the quietest Sufi variety-brought, beginning in the 11th century, not by conquerors but by Arab traders. Since Sufism emphasizes personal piety, it is easily absorbed by older religious beliefs and practices rooted in the regional culture. In recent times, however, even Southeast Asian Muslims have been caught up in the political Islamism generated by the Middle East conflicts. Religious-school networks in our region increasingly propagate a conservative kind of Islam. And Southeast Asian volunteers fought in the anti-Russian war in Afghanistan-some of them recruited, ironically, by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the US. These Afghan war veterans now stiffen the spine of Islamist rebellions in Indonesia, the southern Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand.
Muslims used the wealth of Asia to finance their conquests UNTIL?
The Hui people, largest Muslim group in China, Gansu province.
Islam was carried deeper into Africa from Maghreb by invitation of the people of Ghana and by trade agreements.
Islam was carried to Sub-Saharan Africa from Maghreb, where most mosques had square minarets. This mosque at Agagdes in Niger is built of wood and mud, adopting the local architectural traditions. Islam came to Africa in the seventh century along trade routes from Tripoli in southwestern Libya and from the Sus in southern Morocco.
Islam’s spread depended upon productive trade centers and military conquest: converts often did not understand the faith.
Prayer beads from el-Fasher in the western Sudan. Composed of 33 beads representing the 99 names of Allah. Observance of the rules of Islam became the criterion to evaluate a person’s status as a Muslim. Prayer beads may be made of most any material from wood to gold and precious stones, but all have either 33 or 99 beads in the ornament.
Many types of mosques have been built in the U.S. This is the Islamic Center of New York on 96th St. in Manhattan. Some eight million Muslims live in the U.S. and more arrive annually to attend school and work. Many, once in the states, never return home permanently.
Islamic instruction has the highest priority for most Muslim parents in the West. Traditional dress is preferred where it can be required. The Islamic School in London (1998) was the first state-funded school in Britain.
A 1979 demonstration in support of Ayatolla Khomeini outside the Iranian embassy in London to ban Rushdi’s Satanic Verses.
Eating meat slaughtered according to correct ritual practice has become increasingly important for many Muslims. This shop advertises that it uses ritually slaughtered (halal) meat for the kebab it sells along with fish and chips. Food preparation has become a way for Muslims to distinguish themselves from Westerners and to maintain their cultural identity.
Muslims in the West are using participation in interfaith dialogue and political activities to promote common causes. Here, the Muslim Political Action Committee hosted Jesse Jackson when he ran for President.
This mosque was built by sultan Sir Omar Ali Saifuddin III (r. 1950-67) in the lagoon in Brunei. It is one of the largest in Asia, and was built largely with proceeds from oil purchased by the U.S. He used the huge sums obtain from the sale of oil to address the disaffection of his poorer subjects through an extensive social welfare system and the promotion of Islam.
Current Islamic Countries In 2003 the countries that are predominately Islamic are spread around the world. Islam is likely the fastest spreading religion. Remember that Islam is spiritual, political and economic in scope. Centers of Islamic culture have been established in most of the nations on earth at the present time.
These Countries Are Members of OIC Afghanistan Albania Algeria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Benin Brunei Burkina Faso Cameroon Chad Comoros Cote d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Gabon Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Indonesia Iran Iraq Jordan Kazakhstan Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lebanon Libya Malaysia Maldives Mali Mauritania Morocco Mozambique Niger Nigeria Oman Pakistan Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Senegal Sierra Leone Somalia Sudan Suriname Syria Tajikistan Togo Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Uganda United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Yemen
The World Is Smaller Because of Travel, Telephone, Radio, and Television
As we learn more about people they learn more about us. Muslims are using all the means of rapid communication to spread their beliefs. Some (radicals) are willing to use their military strength to spread the doctrine of Islam. A greater source of defense is knowledge of the teachings of Islam and the ability to understand why some seek to impose their will on others in a violent fashion. Our next study will cover the background of belief, the Islamic State, the Five Pillars (Tenants) of Islam, the position of women in Islam, as well as some of the basic teachings of the Qur’an.
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