What are we going to do? What does function mean? Function means __________.

1. Name Learning Objective We will explain the function1 of prepositions. CFU What are we going to do? What does function mean? Function means __________. Activate Prior Knowledge A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. Common Prepositions with, at, by, to, in, for, from, of, on, during, beside Describe the picture below using a preposition. Make Connection Students, you already know how to use prepositions. You use them in everyday life to describe things around you. Now, we will explain how those prepositions work in sentences. 1 job or purpose Vocabulary

2. Concept Development • A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. • A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition. • A prepositional phrase adds information to a sentence. • The function of a prepositional phrase is to describe3 the different kinds of relationships. Prepositions Not an example of a preposition: He drove the new car. CFU Which of the following sentences has a preposition? How do you know? A Albert found the screwdriver in the drawer. B Francisco found the keys. In your own words, what is a preposition? “A preposition is __________.” Vocabulary 2 who or what does something 3 tell about

3. Skill Development/Guided Practice • A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. • A prepositional phrase adds information to a sentence. Explain the function of prepositions. Read the sentence carefully. Identify3 the preposition(s) in the sentence. (circle) Determine4 what the prepositional phrase adds information to. (underline) Explain the function of the preposition(s). “The preposition __ describes __.” Hint: Prepositions describe different relationships such as time, place, direction, and means. 1 a b 2 1. The squirrel lives in this tree. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2. Adolfo went to the store. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 3. In the morning, Tanya exercises. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 4. On July 4, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was signed. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ CFU How did I/you identify the preposition? How did I/you determine what the preposition adds information to? How did I/you explain the function of the preposition? 3 find (synonym) 4 figure out Vocabulary 1a 1b 2

4. Skill Development/Guided Practice (continued) • A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. • A prepositional phrase adds information to a sentence. Explain the function of prepositions. Read the sentence carefully. Identify the preposition(s) in the sentence. (circle) Determine what the prepositional phrase adds information to. (underline) Explain the function of the preposition(s). “The preposition __ describes __.” Hint: Prepositions describe different relationships such as time, place, direction, and means. 1 a b 2 5. In 1781, the Revolutionary War ended at Yorktown, Virginia. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 6. At half past eight, George stood on the corner. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 7. By doing it herself, Anita saved time. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 8. My favorite book was written by Maya Angelou. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ CFU How did I/you identify the preposition? How did I/you determine what the preposition adds information to? How did I/you explain the function of the preposition? 1a 1b 2

5. Skill Development/Guided Practice (continued) 1. What is the function of the preposition in the sentence below? Solving Math Problems 1 What am I trying to find? 2 What do I know about this idea? 3 What amounts do I know? 4 Solve the problem or answer the question. 5 Did I answer all parts of the question? The Earth orbits around the sun. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How does by function in the sentence below? The militia6 avoided the red coats by moving to unknown places. 6 agroup of people trained as soldiers who are not part of an army Vocabulary __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CFU How did I/you determine what the question or prompt is asking? How did I/you determine the ELA concept required? How did I/you determine the relevant information? How did I/you answer the question? How did I/you determine if all parts of the question have been answered? 1 2 3 4 5

6. Relevance • A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. • A prepositional phrase adds information to a sentence. Explaining the function of prepositions will help you better understand what you read. 1 Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do… I went to the doctor’s office. It was by the school.I went to the doctor’s office by the school. From Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll Explaining the function of prepositions will help you add detail and information in your writing. 2 Sample Test Question: 42. Mark yes or no to show whether the sentences below have a preposition. Elise has too many books in her backpack. Yes No Hua found three quarters and a nickel . Yes No The children went across the street Yes No Then I had to buy a new book. Yes No Explaining the function of prepositions will help you do well on tests. 3 Does anyone else have another reason why it is relevant to explain the function of prepositions? (Pair-Share) Why is it relevant to explain the function of prepositions? You may give one of my reasons or one of your own. Which reason is more relevant to you? Why? CFU

7. A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. • A prepositional phrase adds information to a sentence. Skill Closure Explain the function of prepositions. Read the sentence carefully. Identify the preposition(s) in the sentence. (circle) Determine what the prepositional phrase adds information to. (underline) Explain the function of the preposition(s). “The preposition __ describes __.” Hint: Prepositions describe different relationships such as time, place, direction, and means. 1 a b 2 1. Bears hibernate inside caves. Word Bank _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ function preposition relationship 2. During the break, she ate a banana. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Access Common Core Shawna thinks that the sentence below has a prepositional phrase. Do you agree with her? Why or why not? Please close the door and lock it. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ Summary Closure What did you learn today about explaining the function of prepositions? (Pair-Share) Use words from the word bank. Day 1 ____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Day 2 ____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

8. Name Independent Practice • A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. • A prepositional phrase adds information to a sentence. Explain the function of prepositions. Read the sentence carefully. Identify the preposition(s) in the sentence. (circle) Determine what the prepositional phrase adds information to. (underline) Explain the function of the preposition(s). “The preposition __ describes __.” Hint: Prepositions describe different relationships such as time, place, direction, and means. 1 a b 2 1. He looked across the landscape. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 2. The First Continental Congress met in Philadelphia. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 3. After the Boston Tea Party, King George was upset. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 4. In 1774, the First Continental Congress discussed their problems inside Carpenter’s Hall. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

9. Independent Practice (continued) • A preposition is a word or phrase that shows a relationship between other words and phrases. • A prepositional phrase adds information to a sentence. Explain the function of prepositions. Read the sentence carefully. Identify the preposition(s) in the sentence. (circle) Determine what the prepositional phrase adds information to. (underline) Explain the function of the preposition(s). “The preposition __ describes __.” Hint: Prepositions describe different relationships such as time, place, direction, and means. 1 a b 2 5. With the Battle of Yorktown, the Revolutionary War ended in 1781. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 6. Abigail Adams was born on November 22, 1744, near Massachusetts. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 7. During John Adams’ time in Philadelphia, Abigail would write him letters. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 8. At the age of sixteen, John Adams went to Harvard. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

10. Name Periodic Review 1 1. In London, John Adams spent his time working toward American independence. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2. During the hot summer, I like swimming at the lake. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Access Common Core Yes No Which of the following statements is true about the prepositions in the sentence below. If not true (No), explain why. Yes No After soccer practice, Tanya took a nap inside the house because she was exhausted. “After soccer practice” is a prepositional phrase that describes when she took a nap. Yes No “Because it was hot” is a prepositional phrase that describes why she took a nap. Yes No “Roman” is a prepositional phrase that describes who took a nap. “Inside the house” is a prepositional phrase that describes where she took a nap.

11. Name Periodic Review 2 1. The first step in the digestive system starts inside the mouth. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2. Inside the mouth, chewing makes the food smaller. 1. Francis Macomber had, half an hour before, been carried to his tent from the edge of the camp on the arms and shoulders of the cook, the personal boys, the skinner and the porters. 2. The gun-bearers had taken no part in the demonstration1. 3. When the native2 boys put him down at the door of his tent, he had shaken all their hands, received their congratulations, and then gone into the tent and sat on the bed. 76 words ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Access Common Core Using the paragraph adapted from Ernest Hemingway The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber, identify the prepositional phrases. Then, explain the function of each preposition. 1 large group of people meet to protest or support something 2 is the where you were born Vocabulary ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

12. Name Periodic Review 3 1. During the first step, saliva also helps break food down. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2. The esophagus is a tube that moves food towards the stomach after swallowing. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Access Common Core Read the sentences. Add more information about the nouns and verbs in the sentences by expanding with prepositional phrases. You may use more than one prepositional phrase for each sentence. Then, explain the function of each preposition. 1. The candles flickered __________________________________ ___________________________________________________. “The preposition _______ describes ______________.” 2. The teacher spoke ___________________________________ ___________________________________________________. “The preposition _______ describes ______________.” Write two sentences with prepositional phrases that describe something in the classroom. 1. ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

13. List of Common Prepositions

14. Exploring Prepositions Provided below is a list of interactive activities or games on prepositions. If links are broken, please notify us at: feedback@dataworks-ed.com.