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Cross-border network for knowledge transfer and innovative development in wastewater treatment WATERFRIEND HUSRB/1203/221/196 1st HUSRB Students Meeting. 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend. Humic substances in well-waters :

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  1. Cross-border network for knowledge transfer and innovative development in wastewater treatmentWATERFRIENDHUSRB/1203/221/1961stHUSRB Students Meeting

  2. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Humicsubstancesinwell-waters: background and removalusingmembranefiltrationmethods Gyula VATAI,Ildikó GALAMBOS

  3. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Corvinus University of Budapest Faculty of Food Science Department of FoodEngineering

  4. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend .

  5. Faculties: . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . • Food Science • Horticultural Science • Landscape Architecture • Business Administration • Social Sciences • Economic Sciences

  6. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Departments of the Faculty of Food Science . • Brewing and Distilling • GrainandIndustrialCrop Technology • Refrigeration andLivestockProcessing Technology • Canning Technology • Post-harvestTechnology and SensoryLaboratory • Physics and Control • Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry • Food Chemistry and Nutrition • Microbiology and Biotechnology • Food Engineering • Food Economy

  7. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Types of Qualification . • BSc in Food Engineering • BSc in Bioengineering • Full time (3,5 years), part time(4,5 years) • MSc in Food Safety and Quality • MSc in Food Engineering • Full and part time (2 years) • PhD Degree • Full time (3 - 5 years) • Part time (4 - 6 years)

  8. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Bachelor in Food Engineering . • Wine & Soft Drink Technology • Brewing & Distilling Technology • Food Preservation Technology • Livestock Products Technology • Industrial Crop Technology • Baking and Confectionery Technology

  9. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Master in Food Safety and Quality . Master in Food Engineering • Food ProcessEngineering • Food Biotechnology • Development of Food Products and Technologies • Post-harvest Technology and Logistic • Oenology and Wine Marketing

  10. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Food Science Doctoral School . • Food engineering • Environmental protection • Food chemistry • Food quality control • Biotechnology • Food technologies

  11. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Specialisation(Second Diploma, 2 years) . • Master in Brewing Technology • Master in Pálinka Technology • Master in Wine Technology and Marketing

  12. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Research topics I. . • Concentration of aroma and vitaminsin fruit juices by using membrane techniques • Optimization of the total cost of a membrane system for grape juice concentration using dynamic programming • Experimental and numerical investigations on whey desalination with nanofiltrration/diafiltration • Wine filtrationin order to decreasethe alcohol content • Recovery of aroma compounds from fruit juices by pervaporation • Dewateringalcohol by pervaporation

  13. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Research topics II. . • Elimination of pollutants from drinking water resources by using nano- or ultrafiltration • Air/gas cleaning by using membrane absorption and desorption and conventional absorption • Treatingindustrial wastewater by using nanofiltration and/or membrane distillation and/or pervaporation • Treating and recycling CIP water by combined filtration methods • Separation of stable oil-water emulsion by nano- and ultrafiltration • Cross-flow membrane emulsification

  14. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . CFD and laboratory analysis of axial cross-flow velocity in porous tube packed with differently structured static mixers • Porous tube as an ultrafiltration membrane filter made from zirconium-oxide which is very effective in the separation of stable oil-in-water microemulsions, especially when the tube is filled with static mixer.

  15. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used for modelling flow regime in a porous tube. • The results of the CFD analysis were used in the optimisation of the static mixer’s geometry since it has significant effect the energy requirement of this advanced membrane technology.

  16. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Output: 3D MATRIX Visualization usingParaview (open source prog.) Input: 3D MATRIX CFD

  17. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . ResultofCFD

  18. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . The static mixers developed in cooperation with FTUNS were tested “in vitro” from the aspect of separation quality and process productivity as well to validate CFD results and to develop a cost effective, green method to recover oily wastewaters for sustainable development

  19. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Experiments with manufactured static mixers - FLUXES

  20. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Experiments with manufactured static mixers – PRESSURE DROP

  21. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Experiments with manufactured static mixers - RETENTION

  22. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Introduction Drinking water quality requirements 201/2001. (X. 25.) executive decree Humic substances (HS): no limit value Trihalomethans: 50 g/L HS calculated from trihalomethans: ~3,5 mg/L Arsenic: 50 g/L – 10 g/L Removal of Micro-organism Volatile and non-volatile organic substances (VOC, humic substances) Heavy-metals, metal-ions (Fe, Mn, As) Pesticides, insecticides

  23. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Appearance of humic acid and arsenic in drinking water (Hungary)

  24. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Removal of humic substances from model-solution and well-waters Definition: The humic substances are faintly acidic macromolecular conglomerations, coloured from yellowish to dark brown. Structure of humic substances: Molecular weight: 1500-20000 g/mol Different size and structure Sensitive for external manipulation, difficult to fractionate Adversetohealth: carcinogenicsubstances (trihalomethans) aretheby-products of thereactionsbetweenthewaterclarifyingantiseptics and thedissolvedorganiccomponents.

  25. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Removal of humic substances • Traditional methods: • Coagulation and flocculation • Activated carbon • Ion exchange • Membrane separation: advatages: no carcinogenic by-product, closed system, easy for control, good quality of the drinking water

  26. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Aim: membranescreening and membraneselectionforhumicacidsolution Materials: Humicacidmodelsolution (producer: Sigma-Aldrich, conc. 10 mg/L) Well-waterscontaininghumicacidderivedfrom Hungary and fromSerbia Analysis: UV absorbance (254 nm) TOC (mg/L) (Total OrganicCarbon) DOC (mg/L) (DissolvedOrganicCarbon) Membranes: Flatsheet and hollow-fibermembranes, MWCO: 100-0.3 kDa

  27. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Materials • Laboratory tests • Model solution (humic acid, deionized water) • Well waters from: • Zenta (Serbia) • Békéscsaba, Orosháza, Gyula, Kondoros (Hungary) • Pilot experiments • Well water (high arsenic and humic acid concentration, Békéscsaba, Hungary)

  28. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Appliedmembranes .

  29. permeate rotameter membrane vessel samples TI PI PI pump . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . The schematic diagram of the laboratory equipment

  30. Concentrate Membrane C R P Feed Pump Permeate AC Pre-filter PI PI Recycle . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . The schematic diagram of the pilot-equipment Permeate Rotameter

  31. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . The picture of thelaboratory ( self made hollowfiber) and pilot-equipment ( industrialhollowfibermodule)

  32. 12 10 8 6 HS concentration (mg/L) 4 2 TOC 0 DOC Abs Feed M1 M2 M3 M4 . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Comparison of thehumic-substanceconcentrationinwell-water (Zenta) and model-solution (p = 4 bar, QR= 260 L/h, UV254nm) The humicsubstanceconcentrationinmodel-solutions(p = 4 bar, QR = 400 L/h)

  33. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Filtration of model-solution, PM1 and PM2 (1 and 2 kDa) Filtration of well-water (Zenta), PM1 and PM2 (1 and 2 kDa)

  34. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Cost-evaluation • Initial data: • Karcag town, 40,000 inhabitants • 230 L/inhabitant/day drinking-water requirement • 27 days operation mounthly • 10,000 m3/day water-requirement • Investment and operational costs based on 2004. data • Membrane-surface (NF) : • A = Jvíz / Jszűrlet*Kh =16700 m2 • 450 pieces of 8 inch diam. membrane module

  35. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . • Costs: C = IC + OC • Investmentcosts (IC): • Membraneplantingcost: 18,000 Ft/m2 • Amortization: 10 and 5 years • IC = 39.1 mill Ft/a = 10.7 Ft/m3 • Operationalcosts (OC): energy + antiseptics + replacements + care and maintenance = 13 Ft/m3 • Cost of 1 m3water = 23.7 Ft ~ 0.1 €

  36. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Conclusions • Laboratory tests • Filtration of humic substances • the rejection on UF membranes was ~80-90 % by model-solutions, ~65-70 % by well-water • on NF membranes ~100 % • The rejection of M5-M6 membranes (1 és 2 kDa) was proper for well-water, the HS concentration < 3,5mg/L

  37. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . • Specialthankstomyhard-working and cooperativestaff of theDepartment: • Erika Békássy-Molnár- Prof. Emerita • Edit Márki , András Koris, Zoltán Kovács - AssociateProfessors • Szilvia Bánvölgyi, Ildikó Galambos, Eszter Fogarassy - Assistant Professors • Nelli Kőszegi, Igor Gáspár, Gábor Rácz - Assistant Lecturers • PhD Students: Krisztina Albert, Balázs Verasztó, Máté András Molnár • and furtherMScandBScstudents Presentation/lecture has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The content of the presentation/lectureis the sole responsibility of University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union and/or the Managing Authority.

  38. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend .

  39. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Optimization of the total cost of a membrane system for grape juice concentration using dynamic programming

  40. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . The flow diagram of the technology pRO The microfiltration served for clarification only, therefore this constant cost could be omitted from the point of view of optimization

  41. . Investment + operation cost of NF in function of the NF input concentration 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Investment + operationcost of RO infunction of the RO output concentration Membrane cost~ Am0,821 Energy prices: up to date energy cost Working days 300 day /year Working hours 8 h/day

  42. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Total cost = cost of NF+cost of RO Optimal operation parameters: 1. RO transmembrane pressure 64 bar 2. NF transmembrane pressure 70 bar 3. x1 concentration between RO and NF: 24,5 Brix Processed grape juice: 1500 liter/h

  43. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON WHEY DESALINATION WITH NANOFILTRATION/DIAFILTRATION This research work investigates robust data-driven mode-ling techniques to predict the dynamics of whey nanofiltration/diafiltration. We investigated statistical tools, such as: Response surface methodology (RSM) and Partial least-squares regression (PLSR), Machine learning techniques in order to estimate the dependence of flux and rejections on the feed composition

  44. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (LEFT SIDE) AND IONIC SPECIES (RIGHT SIDE) AS FUNCTION OF OPERATIONAL TIME FOR VARIABLE-VOLUME DIAFILTRATION WITH α=0.75.

  45. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . SIMULATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF SWEET WHEY DIAFILTRATION WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH. PERMEATE FLUX VS OPERATIONAL TIME (LEFT SIDE); CONDUCTIVITY AND LACTOSE CONCENTRATION AS FUNCTION OF VOLUME CONCENTRATION FACTOR (RIGHT SIDE).

  46. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend Recovery of aroma compoundsfromfruitjuicesbypervaporation . • Concentrationbyevaporation • Aroma recoverywithdistillationcolumns • Applicability of pervaporation • Studiedfruitjuices: apple, pineapple, raspberry

  47. . 1st Students Meeting Waterfriend . Modelling of pervaporationbySuperProDesigner software

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