1 / 35

THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT 1863-1965

THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT 1863-1965. Chapter 21 p. 700-723. Segregation and Separation. 1863--14 th Amendment granted full citizenship to the former slaves called for “due process” and “equal protection under the law” 1875 Civil Rights Act

hyman
Download Presentation

THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT 1863-1965

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT1863-1965 Chapter 21 p. 700-723

  2. Segregation and Separation • 1863--14th Amendment • granted full citizenship to the former slaves • called for “due process” and “equal protection under the law” • 1875 Civil Rights Act • “all persons shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations…” • Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional

  3. Segregation and Separation • 1890--Louisiana law and trains • “equal but separate accommodations…” • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) • ruled that “separate but equal” did not violate the 14th Amendment. • “Jim Crow” laws • racial prejudice and segregation in the North as well.

  4. Challenging segregation • World War II labor • Minorities in the military • Truman integrated the military in 1948 • formation of organizations to campaign for voting and challenge Jim Crow • NAACP • Charles Hamilton Houston • Thurgood Marshall

  5. Challenging segregation • Morgan v. Virginia (1946) • Sweatt v. Painter (1950) • Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954)

  6. Reaction to Brown • initial reaction was mixed • Kansas and Oklahoma • Mississippi and Georgia • Baltimore and Washington, D.C. • the KKK and White Citizen’s Councils • Little Rock, Arkansas, 1957 • Central High School

  7. Little Rock • “The Little Rock Nine” • Governor Orville Faubus • hand chosen by NAACP • 1st day of school • Elizabeth Eckford, Ernest Green, Melba Patillo • plan fails • 2nd attempt nine days later • Eisenhower and Arkansas National Guard • 1957 Civil Rights Act • Warriors Don’t Cry

  8. Arkansas Governor Orville Faubus

  9. Central High SchoolLittle Rock, Arkansas

  10. The “Little Rock Nine” • front: Gloria Ray, Elizabeth Eckford, Carlotta Watts, Minnijean Brown. • back: Jefferson Thomas, Daisy Bates, Thelma Mothershed, Terrance Roberts, Melba Patillo, Ernest Green

  11. Elizabeth Eckford

  12. Montgomery, Alabama, 1955 • May, 1954 • Jo Ann Robinson • December 1, 1955 • Rosa Parks • E.D. Nixon • bus boycott • Montgomery Improvement Association • Martin Luther King, Jr.

  13. Rosa Parks prior to arrest

  14. A young Martin Luther King, Jr.

  15. The Bus Boycott • organized quickly • filed a lawsuit • carpools or walked • support • MLK’s home bombed • lasted 381 days • 1956--Supreme Court ruling

  16. King in front of fire-bombed home

  17. The Movement Begins • Boycott and King showed: • power of organization and unity • “nonviolent resistance” • “civil disobedience” • quote, p. 705

  18. The Movement Begins • Emmett Till murder • SCLC • SNCC • used students as protesters • sit-ins • February, 1960 • Woolworth’s in Greensboro, North Carolina • tv

  19. Emmett Till

  20. Sit-in at Woolworth’sJackson, Mississippi

  21. The Movement continues • 1961--The Freedom Riders • organization • Bus One and Bus Two • Alabama state line attack • Birmingham, Alabama • Bus Two and Anniston, Alabama • violence in Birmingham and Montgomery

  22. Freedom Riders map, 1961

  23. Bus Two outside Anniston, Alabama

  24. The Movement continues • Integration of public schools • K-12 schools • closed • remained segregated • private and parochial schools • colleges and universities • Auburn • Harold Franklin • Ole Miss • James Meredith • Alabama • Autherine Lucy

  25. Harold Franklin, James Meredith, Autherine Lucy

  26. The Movement comes to Alabama and Mississippi • April, 1963 • April 3--MLK is arrested • “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” • May 3--protesters are hosed by sheriff Eugene “Bull” Connor • June 11, 1963--murder of Medgar Evers in Mississippi • September, 1963--16th Street Baptist Church bombed

  27. The Movement draws worldwide attention • August, 1963 • March on Washington, D.C. • MKL’s “I Have a Dream Speech” • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • prohibited discrimination based on race, gender, religion, national origin. • ended segregation in all public facilities

  28. The fight to vote • Freedom Summer • college students • Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner, James Chaney • Neshoba County, Mississippi, June 21, 1964 • New political parties • Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party • Fannie Lou Hammer

  29. Neshoba County

  30. The fight to vote • Selma, Alabama • March 7, 1965 • “Bloody Sunday” • March 21, 1965 • Voting Rights Act of 1965

  31. The Movement expands • Voting and an end to segregation got people thinking—what else can be changed????? • end to poverty • change social structure • new focus on the North/urban violence • new leadership

  32. The Movement expands • Northern segregation • de facto segregation • de jure segregation • Chicago riots and protests • Urban violence • New York • Watts in Los Angeles, California

  33. New Leadership, New Ideas • Malcolm X (1964) • Stokely Carmichael (1966) • “Black Power” • Black Panthers (1966)

  34. 1968--a violent year • April 4, 1968 • Memphis, Tennessee • The Lorraine Motel • James Earl Ray • June, 1968 • Robert Kennedy • Sirhan Sirhan • Civil Rights Act of 1968

  35. Civil Rights since 1968 • Fight for equality has continued: • Women’s rights • Hispanics and bi-lingual ballots • Equal pay for equal work • “Victim’s Rights” laws • “Are we changing attitudes or just changing platitudes?”

More Related