Comparative Government Vocabulary

1. Comparative GovernmentVocabulary

2. Anarchy • From Greek: anarchía, "without ruler" • A theoretical social state in which there is no governing person or body of persons, but each individual has absolute liberty without the implication of disorder. • Anarchists are those who advocate the absence of the state, arguing that common sense would allow for people to come together in agreement to form a functional society allowing for the participants to freely develop their own sense of morality, ethics and behavior.. • Examples: • French Revolution • Jamaica 1720 • Spain 1936

3. Aristocracy • Aristocracy is a form of government where power is kept by an elite class. • From Greek "aristokratia", rule of the best • Nobility • China, Islam, Europe

4. Autocracy • An autocracy is a form of government in which the political power is held by a single self appointed ruler. • from Greek word autocratic -"self-ruler", or to: "rule by one's self“. • Can be a: • monarch , dictator, despot, tyrant

5. Tribe • A tribe consists of a social group existing before the development of states and government. • most contemporary tribes do not have their origin in pre-state tribes, but rather in pre-state bands. • Bands comprise small, mobile, and fluid social formations with weak leadership, that do not generate surpluses, pay no taxes and support no standing army.

6. Theocracy • Theocracy is a form of government in which a God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler. • The word theocracy originates from the Greek θεοκρατία (theokratia), meaning "the rule of God". • In a pure theocracy, the civil leader is believed to have a direct personal connection with God. (Moses, Muhammad) • Iran, Saudi Arabia, The Vatican, pre-WWII Japan

7. Communism • Communism is a socio-economic structure that promotes the establishment of a classless, stateless society based on common ownership of the means of production. • It is usually considered a branch of the broader socialist movement that draws on the various political and intellectual movements that trace their origins back to the work of Karl Marx. • the world's wealth should be shared equally, and that unequal distribution caused by class distinctions, is the root of all social evils, driving men to greed, selfishness and exploitation. • Soviet Union, China, Vietnam, North Korea, Cuba.

8. January 27, 2010 • Objectives: To develop an understanding of Comparative Government Terms. • Question: What form of Government is the U.S.? What makes it this form of government? • Agenda: Notes • The U.S. Role in a Changing World.

9. Fascism • Fascism is an authoritarian political ideology that considers the individual subordinate to the interests of the state, party or society as a whole. • Fascists seek to forge a type of national unity, usually based on ethnic, cultural, racial, religious attributes. • The key attribute of fascism is intolerance of individualism. • 1943-45 Italy

10. Dynasty • A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations. • dynasty" is also used to describe the era during which a family reigned, as well as events, trends and artifacts of that period, "Ming dynasty vase". • Egypt,China, Korea, England, Russia

11. Interim • An interim is a temporary pause in a line of succession or event • An interim government is frequently organized following a revolution or sudden death, when there has not been time to nominate, designate, or elect a government. Such a government may also be called a provisional government. • The Iraqi Interim Government was created by the United States and its coalition allies as a caretaker government to govern Iraq until the Iraqi Transitional Government was installed.

12. Totalitarian • Totalitarianism is state regulation of nearly every aspect of public and private behavior. • Totalitarian governments remain in power by means of secret police, propaganda,state-controlled media, restriction of free discussion and criticism, single-party states, the use of surveillance, and widespread use of terror tactics. • Attempt to mobilize entire populations in support of the official state ideology, and the intolerance of activities which are not directed towards the goals of the state • Soviet Union, Nazi Germany,Fascist Italy,Spartan Greece. “beloved Stalin is the people's happiness”

13. Colonial • Colonialism is the extension of a nation's sovereignty over territory beyond its borders by the establishment of either settler colonies or administrative dependencies in which indigenous populations are directly ruled or displaced. • It is a system of direct political, economic and cultural intervention by a powerful country in a weaker one.

14. Republic • A republic is a state or country that is not led by an hereditary monarch where the people of that state or country have impact on its government. • In most modern republics the head of state is termed president. • In republics that are also democracies the head of state is appointed as the result of an election. • Arwad: 2,000 bc

15. Constitutional • A constitution is a system for governance, often defined as a written document, that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity. • In the case of countries, this term refers specifically to a national constitution defining the fundamental political principles. • Constitutions give specific powers to an organization on the condition that it abides by the constitution

16. Final 5 • Tell me which of the 4 you agreed with and why, and which you disagreed with and why… • Tomorrow: You will be looking who will be in your group…………for your presentation on the future that…I choose for you!