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New polymerases for old DNA: molecular breeding of polymerases for damage bypass and ancient DNA amplification. Philipp Holliger MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology. The “unreadable” scrolls of Herculaneum. Herculaneum. Mt. Vesuvius (Naples, Italy). Villa dei Papyrii. ancient text.
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New polymerases for old DNA:molecular breeding of polymerases for damage bypass and ancient DNA amplification Philipp Holliger MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
The “unreadable” scrolls of Herculaneum Herculaneum Mt. Vesuvius (Naples, Italy) Villa dei Papyrii ancient text Charcoal? ancient scroll
Ancient DNA Neanderthal man (Homo neanderthaliensis) our closest extinct relative PCR (1993 Nobel prize in Chemistry)
Damage found in ancient DNA From Hofreiter et al Nat Rev Genet. 2001 2:353
Oil phase Water droplet Ghadessy et al (2001) PNAS, 98, 4552
Molecular breeding Crameri et al (1998) Nature, 391, 288 Zhao et al (1998) Nature Biotechnology, 16,258
Selection strategy d’Abbadie et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology, 25, 939
Non-cognate primer-template structures d’Abbadie et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology, 25, 939
Damage bypass d’Abbadie et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology, 25, 939
PCR amplification of DNA containing two abasic sites Taq Tth Tfl 3A10 d’Abbadie et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology, 25, 939
PCR amplification of ancient cave bear DNA d’Abbadie et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology, 25, 939
PCR amplification of ancient cave bear DNA d’Abbadie et al (2007) Nature Biotechnology, 25, 939
Ice age genomics Cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) Neanderthal man (Homo neanderthaliensis) 106 bp sequenced: Green et al Nature (2006) 444, 330; Noonan et al Science (2006) 314, 1113 Noonan et al, Science (2005), 309, 597 Wolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) Mt genome (Krause et al Nature (2006),439, 724; Poinar et al Science (2006) 311, 392)
Acknowledgements Max Planck Institute for Molecular Anthropology Michael Hofreiter Svante Pääbo NIH Section on DNA Replication, Repair and Mutagenesis Alexandra Vaisman Roger Woodgate MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Marc d’Abbadie Farid J. Ghadessy David Loakes