Agenda

1. Agenda • Discuss: • Grades, Upcoming Test, Writing Assignment • Language • Turn in kanji notebooks, first thing! • You should have at least 22 new kanji. • Highlight where these start so I can find them! • History • Tang Dynasty Reading w/ Questions • Tang Dynasty Notes (10 slides) • Culture • Continue with modern Chinese Culture Videos – 100 points when finished

2. Tang Dynasty Reading Questions • What helped the Tang come to power? • How was punishment delegated, during the Tang Dynasty, for a person dying? • What two purposes, on page two, did the land distribution system serve for peasants? • What were taxes based on? • This implies and incredibly accurate what? • Name two tools that were developed to aid in rice cultivation. • Why did the horse gain importance during this time? • Name one distinction of the Tang Dynasty that has not happened before or since. • What type of poetry was being created at the end of the Tang Dynasty? • Government monopolies were placed on what three items? • What sort of uprising ended the Tang Dynasty?

3. Tang Dynasty Reading Answers • What helped the Tang come to power? Canals built by the Sui • How was punishment delegated, during the Tang Dynasty, for a person dying? Degree based on amount of time mourning • What two purposes, on page two, did the land distribution system serve for peasants? Support themselves and pay taxes • What were taxes based on? Number of people in family • This implies an incredibly accurate what? census • Name two tools that were developed to aid in rice cultivation. Chain w/ paddles, harrow, field plough • Why did the horse gain importance during this time? Fight nomads • Name one distinction of the Tang Dynasty that has not happened before or since. Female emperor, Wu • What type of poetry was being created at the end of the Tang Dynasty? Free Verse • Government monopolies were placed on what three items? tea, salt, alcohol • What sort of uprising ended the Tang Dynasty? Peasant revolt

4. Tang Dynasty 618-907

5. Founded by General Li Shimin • Taizong – “Great Ancestor” • Mixed heritage

6. Government • Chang’an (Xian) • Capital of 1 Million people • included foreign traders/merchants • 30 square miles

7. Civil Service Exam • Supported by gov. schools • “ Rule of Avoidance” • did not work in native towns • 3 year term then moved to different district • Reduced power of great families

8. Militia Military • Revenue based on land tax • # of ppl in an area • Gov. Monopoly • salt, tea, alcohol • Rebuilt road/canal network with post stations

9. Culture • Golden Age of Art/Literature • Poets • LiaBai • Bu Fu • Art • Pottery glazes • Human Figure • Monochromatic

10. Dish in the Shape of a Leaf Night Shinning White

11. Standing Court Lady Seated Buddha

12. Cast iron Crossbow Gunpowder Compass Porcelain Harrow Field Plough Coal as fuel Waterwheels Paper Currency Wheelbarrow Wallpaper Technology

13. Expansion • Overseas trade • Absorbed Fujian/southeast coast • Reclaimed N. Vietnam and Xinjiang • S. Manchuria/Korea tributary state

15. Empress Wu Zetian625-705 • Concubine of Gaozong • Replaced empress • killed her own child = blamed empress • 4 years later Gaozong suffered a stroke • Son poised to inherit throne; suspiciously died in 675 • Next heir committed suicide in 680 • Gaozong died 683 • 20 years an invalid • 690 declared herself emperor • First and only female emperor of China

16. Collapse • Revenue base eroded • Imperial land grants to people who avoided taxes • Population out grew capacity of land and resources • Outlawing of contact with other ethnicities

17. Military supported by mercenaries • Eunuchs’ power increased • Rebellions • Country divided by generals • Attacked by groups in the north, taking control of including southern Manchuria • Ended in chaos and civil war

18. Agenda • Discuss: • Upcoming Test, Writing Assignment • Language • Kanji Notebooks were due last class, you currently have a zero if you were not here. (22 kanji) • 4 new Kanji and Review • History • Song Dynasty Reading w/ Questions • Song Dynasty Notes • Culture • Finish with modern Chinese Culture Videos • Complete Writing Prompt – 100 points when finished – HW?

19. Song Reading • Chao Kuang-yin was made emperor by who? • This allowed him to established a more ____________________. • While economically and culturally advanced the Song did not have a strong______________. • Name the invention that allowed for greater ability in sea trade for the Chinese verses the Europeans. • What two things accounts for the rise in popularity of education? • How many people were allowed to pass the civil service exams? • What was an important part of Neo-Confucianism? What other philosophy would this ascribe to? • Define Vernacular. • What was the most common type of blue and white porcelain? • What was the favored form of dealing with enemies.

20. Song Reading Answers • Chao Kuang-yin was made emperor by who? His Soilders • This allowed him to established a more _solid foundation for successors_. • While economically and culturally advanced the Song did not have a strong_military_. • Name the invention that allowed for greater ability in sea trade for the Chinese verses the Europeans. Stern post rudder • What two things accounts for the rise in popularity of education? printing advances and availability of books • How many people were allowed to pass the civil service exams? As many needed to fill the posts • What was an important part of Neo-Confucianism? What other philosophy would this ascribe to? reposses the way/Taoism • Define Vernacular. Everyday language • What was the most common type of blue and white porcelain? celadon • What was the favored form of dealing with enemies. diplomacy

21. Song Dynasty 966-1279

22. Beginnings • Follows Five Dynasty/Tang Period • Chao Kuang-yin conquered middle Yangzi region of Chu

23. Government • paper currency fueled growth of commerce • Civil Service for higher posts • Had to pass three levels of examinations • Personal Property Taxed • Trained Militia/supplied with Arms to strengthen Loyalty and Quality of Army

24. Government • Government Schools • Open to anyone of ability • Allowed others a chance at office holding • Paid Mongols and others in silk and goods as a way to pacify would be attackers

25. Culture • Song Poetry • Wáng Ānshí • Zeng Gong • Landscape Paintings • Harmony between humans/nature • Patronized by Rich Urban Merchants • Popularization of Vernacular Language

26. Summer Mountains

27. Scholar on Horseback with Traveling Hat

28. Chinese Song dynasty Henan jar

29. Glazed Clay Jar

30. Improved Farming Techniques Irrigation Fertilization metal tools proto-machines Trade/Transportation Ships with water-tight compartments Canal Locks War Technology Gunpowder Mortars Technology

31. Depletion of Empire • Shrank in size • Gave up land • Taipei • Tibet • Khitan controlled Manchuria • Vietnam/Korea more independent

32. Collapse of Northern Song • Alliance with Jurchen against Khitan • Unimpressed with Song’s military abilities • Captured capital in 1126 • Treaty with Jurchen fixed border at Huai River • Paid annual tribute

34. Collapse of Southern Song • Attacks by Jurchen and Mongols • Jurchen take over Northern China • Southern Song Dynasty Established • Chinghis (Genghis) and Kubilai Khan • Mongols create Yuan Dynasty