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System Connectivity

System Connectivity. Merle P. Martin MIS Department CSU Sacramento. Acknowledgements. Dr. Russell Ching ( MIS Dept ) Source Materiel / Graphics Edie Schmidt ( UMS ) - Graphic Design Prentice Hall Publishing (Permissions)

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System Connectivity

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  1. System Connectivity Merle P. Martin MIS Department CSU Sacramento

  2. Acknowledgements • Dr. Russell Ching (MIS Dept) Source Materiel / Graphics • Edie Schmidt (UMS) - Graphic Design • Prentice Hall Publishing (Permissions) • Martin, Analysis and Design ofBusiness Information Systems, 1995

  3. Agenda • Basic Concepts • Delivery Systems • Open Systems • Distributed Systems • Overall Architecture

  4. Basic Concepts • Definitions • Media • Topologies • Networks • Lines

  5. Definitions • Channel: link by which data / voice linked • Speed: bits per second (bps) • baud rate • mbps - megabytes per second

  6. Definitions (cont.) • Bandwith: range of frequencies • difference between lowest / highest frequency accommodated on a single channel at the same time • Broadband: more than one signal track over a comm. media at the same time

  7. Analog Signal Voltage Amplitude Time Frequency Digital Signal 1 Voltage 0 Time 1 0 1 1 0 0 0

  8. Data Communications Digital Signal Analog Signal Digital Signal Modem Modem Phone Lines

  9. Asynchronous Transmission Start Parity Stop bit bit bit One byte Synchronous Transmission Parity Header Data Trailer bit Message Packet

  10. Transmission Types • Coaxial cable • Fiber optics • Wireless • Microwave • Satellite • Cellular

  11. Coaxial Cable

  12. Microwave Transmission Repeater Line of Sight Line of Sight

  13. Satellite Transmission

  14. Cellular Communication

  15. Topologies • Ring • Bus • Star • Hierarchical

  16. Network Topologies Ring

  17. Network Topologies Bus

  18. Network Topologies Star

  19. Network Topologies Hierarchical

  20. Issue Should a firm: stay at the forefront of telecomm technology lest it fall seriously behind OR let other firms go first and learn from their mistakes?

  21. Delivery Systems • Network types • T1 lines • Network systems

  22. Network Types • Local Area Network (LAN) • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) • Wide Area Network (WAN) • Internet

  23. Local Area Network (LAN)

  24. Wide Area Networks (WAN)

  25. Internet • Outgrowth of ARPANET • Connect researchers working in the defense industry

  26. T1 Lines • group of 24 voice grade lines • analog messages • 1.544 mbps • T2 through T4 lines

  27. T-Carrier Bandwiths • T1 - 1.544 mbps • 24 voice circuits (vc) • T2 - 6.312 mbps; 96 vc • T3 - 44.736 mbps; 672 vc • T4 - 139.264 mbps; 4032 vc • T5 - ????

  28. Open Systems Standardized interfaces that allow products to interoperate across multivendor systems

  29. Open System Interconnection (OSI) • International standard • Seven layers • Standards for each layer

  30. Surround Development Tactic UNIX A C B UNIX

  31. Distributed Systems Enterprise-wide network of systems that use products from multiple vendors

  32. Should You Distribute? • Wetherbe’s three questions • Are operations interdependent? • does one operation need to know what another operation is doing? • Walmart?

  33. Should You Distribute? • Are businesses really homogeneous? • Fast Food franchises have same processes • Need to know what others are doing? • Are Depart Store franchises same? • Does corporate culture support decentralization? • Aerospace Industry

  34. Creating Overall Architecture • Factors to consider: • Firm’s policy on decentralization • Current computing environment • Policy on standards • more tendency to standards • cleaner overall architecture

  35. Overall Architecture • Factors (cont.) • How will it serve the business? • follow business and IT plans • Law of the Hammer • Desired level of computing

  36. Level of Computing • Corporate • Region, country, division • Site • Department • Work group • Individual WAN MAN LAN

  37. Packard Bell • Distributed • interdependence • homogeneity • culture • FDDI Ring Topology linking mainframes, servers and PCs • PCs have standard software package (e.g., Office) • Distributed database

  38. Application Server Mainframe Remote Access Server Client 12 Modems Printers Dial- up Client Campus FDDI Rings MailServer Cisco Routers Fax Server Backup Server SQL Server Wide Area Link 12 Modems

  39. USCS Network IBS, Rancho Cordova OC-3 Sonet Ring 155mb Bandwidth CableData UK 128KFrame Relay CableData Atlanta USCS, Rancho Cordova 256K Frame Relay CableData Arkansas Virtual Private Network via Internet IBS, El Dorado Hills CableData, El Dorado Hills CableData Michigan

  40. USCS Enterprise Application Architecture ALEXIS Customer Mgmt (Internal App) Corporate Data Warehouse (DSS)* Peoplesoft HRMS Release 6 Oracle Financials Release 10.7 Oracle 7 RDBMS Oracle 7 RDBMS Oracle 7 RDBMS Oracle 7 RDBMS IBM RS/6000 IBM RS/6000 IBM RS/6000 IBM RS/6000 10mb Ethernet Network for Servers Typical PC Client running Windows 95

  41. Discussion • What are some of the problems with connecting “islands of technology? • How does one go about doing that? • Where is connectivity going in business and the public sector

  42. Discussion Scott Langdoc, Vice President and Chief Information Officer Raleys Food Stores

  43. Points to Remember • Basic Concepts • Definitions • Delivery Systems • Open Systems • Distributed Systems • Creating the architecture

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