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Solubility of Solids

Solubility of Solids. What is a Solute?. The substance that is being dissolved. Examples: Salt, Kool-Aid, Crystal Light. What is a Solvent?. Dissolving Agent; dissolves the solute. Example: Water - Universal Solvent. Solubility of a Substance.

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Solubility of Solids

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  1. Solubility of Solids

  2. What is a Solute? • The substance that is being dissolved. • Examples: Salt, Kool-Aid, Crystal Light

  3. What is a Solvent? • Dissolving Agent; dissolves the solute. • Example: Water - Universal Solvent.

  4. Solubility of a Substance • The amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of water at a specific temperature.

  5. Solubility Curve • The relationship between the solute solubility in water and temperature. • Temperature is the independent variable (x-axis).

  6. Saturated Solution • The maximum amount of solute a solvent can dissolve at a given temperature. • Any data point that falls on the curve of the graph is a saturated sol’n.

  7. Unsaturated Solution • If you can add more solute to a solution and it will still dissolve, then the solution is classified as unsaturated. • On a solubility graph, it will fall below the curve for the specific solute (NaCl).

  8. Supersaturated Solution • A solution that contains more solute than it can normally dissolve per a given amount of water. • This happens by cooling a saturated sol’n to make it supersaturated. • Any data point that is above the solubility curve is classified as a supersaturated sol’n.

  9. Seed Crystal • A crystal of the solute added to a supersaturated solution so the excess solute will precipitate out (crystals form). • Example - Rock Candy - seed crystal is added to crystallize a supersaturated solution of sugar water.

  10. Question #1 • What is the solubility of potassium nitrate in 100.0 grams of water at 80.0ºC? • Answer = 166g KNO3

  11. Question #2 • What is the solubility of potassium chloride in 100.0 g of water at 50.0ºC? • Answer: 42g KCl

  12. Question #7 • How much more potassium chloride will dissolve 90.0ºC than at 20.0ºC? • Answer = 53-33= 20 g KCl

  13. Question #12 • How much sodium chloride will dissolve in 350.0g of water at 70.0ºC? • Answer = 38 = x 100 350 X = 133g NaCl

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