Essentials of Fire Fighting , 5 th Edition

Essentials of Fire Fighting, 5th Edition Chapter 2 — Firefighter Safety and Health Firefighter I

Chapter 2 Lesson Goal • After completing this lesson, the student shall be able to apply firefighter safety and health practices following the policies and procedures set forth by the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). Firefighter I

Specific Objectives 1. List ways to prevent firefighter injuries. 2. Discuss National Fire Protection Association standards related to firefighter health and safety. 3. Discuss Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations. (Continued) Firefighter I

Specific Objectives 4. Summarize the IFSTA Principles of Risk Management. 5. List the main goals of a safety program. 6. Discuss firefighter health considerations and employee assistance and wellness programs. (Continued) Firefighter I

Specific Objectives 7. List guidelines for riding safely on the apparatus. 8. Discuss safety in the fire station. 9. Describe ways to maintain safety in training. 10. Explain how to maintain and service equipment used in training. (Continued) Firefighter I

Specific Objectives 11. Discuss emergency scene preparedness. 12. Discuss emergency scene safety. 13. Summarize general guidelines for scene management including highway incidents, crowd control, and cordoning off emergency scenes. (Continued) Firefighter I

Specific Objectives 14. Explain the importance of personnel accountability. 15. Summarize basic interior operations techniques. 16. Describe emergency escape and rapid intervention. (Continued) Firefighter I

Specific Objectives 17. Respond to an incident, correctly mounting and dismounting an apparatus. (Skill Sheet 2-I-1) 18. Set up and operate in work areas at an incident using traffic and scene control devices. (Skill Sheet 2-I-2) Firefighter I

Ways to Prevent Injuries • Conducting effective training • Maintaining company discipline and accountability • Following established SOPs (Continued) Firefighter I

Ways to Prevent Injuries • Using personal protective clothing and equipment • Maintaining high levels of physical fitness Firefighter I

NFPA® Standards • Relate to firefighter safety and health • Consensus documents; not law unless adopted by governing body • Many U.S. and Canadian governing bodies have adopted some NFPA® standards; others have not Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 • Most comprehensive firefighter safety and health standard • Specifies fire department safety and health program minimum requirements • Applied to any fire department or similar organization (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 • Fire departments should: • Recognize safety and health as official objectives • Provide as healthy and safe work environment as possible (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 • Promotes safety throughout the fire service • Minimum standard; can be exceeded Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 Topics • Safety and health-related policies and procedures • Training and education • Fire apparatus, equipment, and driver/operators • Protective clothing and protective equipment (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 Topics • Emergency operations • Facility safety • Medical and physical requirements • Member assistance and wellness programs • Critical incident stress management program Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Safety and Health-Related Policies and Procedures • Fire departments must: • Develop an organizational plan, risk management plan, safety and health policy • Define roles and responsibilities • Establish safety and health committee • Keep records • Appoint a health and safety officer (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Safety and Health-Related Policies and Procedures • Safety and health program must: • Address anticipated hazards • Include provisions for dealing with nonemergency issues • Include SOPs Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Training and Education • Goal must be to prevent occupational deaths, injuries and illnesses • Training— Developing and maintaining job skills • Education — Learning new information, concepts, and procedures (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Training and Education • Train and educate personnel to consider safety in all activities • Safety must be reinforced Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Fire Apparatus, Equipment, and Driver/Operators • Safety and health must be primary considerations for apparatus • Providing restraint devices • Meeting requirements for vehicle’s intended role • All apparatus driver/operators must be trained (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Fire Apparatus, Equipment, and Driver/Operators • Personnel riding in apparatus must be seated and securely belted inside the cab when in motion; three exceptions: • Hose loading • Tiller training • Some EMS operations (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Fire Apparatus, Equipment, and Driver/Operators • If noise levels exceed 90 decibels (85 dB in Canada), hearing protection must be worn. Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Protective Clothing and Protective Equipment • Departments must provide at least one set of protective clothing and protective equipment • Protective clothing • Helmet • Hood and/or shroud • Coat • Pants (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Protective Clothing and Protective Equipment • Protective clothing • Safety shoes or boots • Gloves • Goggles or safety glasses • Personal alert safety system (PASS) device (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Protective Clothing and Protective Equipment • Protective equipment • SCBA • SAR • Other respiratory protection • May refer to body armor Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Emergency Operations • Requires an incident management system • Most use NIMS-ICS • Risk management • Personnel accountability (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Emergency Operations • Limits emergency operations to those that can be safely conducted (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Emergency Operations • NFPA® 1500 requires • Rapid intervention • Rehabilitation • Limiting exposure to violence • Postincident analysis (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Emergency Operations • Both NFPA® 1500 and NFPA® 1561 contain specific requirements regarding accountability Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Facility Safety • Sets minimum design requirements that meet NFPA® 101®, Life Safety Code® • Provides a means for cleaning, disinfecting, and storing infection control devices (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Facility Safety • Fire stations must be smoke-free environments • Requires inspection, maintenance, and prompt repair of facilities Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Medical and Physical Requirements • Candidates must be medically evaluated • Prohibits firefighters under the influence from participating • Physical performance standards (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Medical and Physical Requirements • Annual medical verification for fitness for duty • Establishment of job-related fitness standards and fitness program • Confidential health database (Continued) Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Medical and Physical Requirements • Infection control program • Designated fire department physician • Reporting and documenting injuries and exposures Firefighter I

NFPA® 1500 — Member Assistance and Wellness Programs • Member assistance program • Substance abuse • Stress • Personal problems • Wellness program Firefighter I

OSHA Regulations • Came from the Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act in 1970 • OSHA operates under the U.S. Department of Labor (Continued) Firefighter I

OSHA Regulations • Sets two duties for employers • Furnish a place of employment free from recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious injury • Comply with OSHA standards • Federal OSHA regulations • Apply to federal employees and private-sector employees (Continued) Firefighter I

OSHA Regulations • Federal OSHA has no jurisdiction over local and state public-sector firefighters • OSHA-approved state plans cover them • State plans may differ; must provide equivalent protection • Agencies may choose to follow OSHA standards Firefighter I

OSHA Regulations: Title 29 of the CFR • Contains federal OSHA regulations • Fire departments and other agencies follow specific OSHA regulations Firefighter I

IFSTA Principles of Risk Management — Development • NFPA® 1500 requires incident management systems to include a risk management plan • Risk management plan • Established set of criteria • Tactical decisions can be made (Continued) Firefighter I

IFSTA Principles of Risk Management — Development • Considered three prominent plans • Phoenix, AZ • NFPA® 1500 • “Ten Rules of Engagement for Structural Fire Fighting” (IAFC) Firefighter I

IFSTA Principles of Risk Management Firefighter I

IFSTA Principles of Risk Management — Key Points • Team integrity is vital to safety • No property is worth the life of a firefighter • Firefighters should not be committed to interior operations in abandoned or derelict buildings known or believed to be unoccupied Firefighter I

Fireground Priority • Highest priority is for firefighters to protect their lives and those of their fellow firefighters • If a firefighter is injured, unable to help others, other firefighters must respond to the injured firefighter Firefighter I

Safety Program Goals • Prevent human suffering, deaths, injuries, illnesses, and exposures to hazardous atmospheres and contagious diseases (Continued) Firefighter I

Safety Program Goals • Prevent damage to or loss of equipment • Reduce incidence and severity of accidents and hazardous exposures Firefighter I

Firefighter Health Considerations • Stay informed about job-related health issues. • Wear PPE and respiratory protection. • Clean PPE. • Follow hepatitis B vaccination recommendations. (Continued) Firefighter I

Firefighter Health Considerations • Use precautions to avoid exposure to bloodborne pathogens. • Use proper lifting techniques. (Continued) Firefighter I

Firefighter Health Considerations • Use lifting tools or get assistance with heavy objects. • Clean, disinfect, and store tools and equipment used in patient care. • Maintain a regular exercise program. (Continued) Firefighter I

Essentials of Fire Fighting , 5 th Edition