Teaching Notes of Unit 10

1. Teaching Notes of Unit 10

2. Section A: Reports on Britain Under the Bombs • I. Warming-up activities • Listen to a short passage carefully (on Page 262) and answer the relevant questions. • 1.Why was the Nazi air force repeatedly bombing London ? • 2.Discuss some ways the people of England coped with the suffering of this time. • 3.Do you think the English people considered giving up ? Why didn’t they ?

3. II. A Brief Introduction to the text • This article describes how England suffered a heavy pounding from Nazi bombers during World War Ⅱ, but the people responded by bravely helping one another and prevailed against the attacks. There was a voice all through the whole article, which demonstrated the English people’s confidence and unrelenting determination to fight against Hitler

4. Ⅲ.Key words& Expressions: • 1.Night after night day after day hour after hour • 2.no matter what • 3.a slight accent of • 4.a tone of sorrow / confidence • 5.ground forces • 6.in broad daylight • 7.historic hour • 8.fire fighters

5. 9.under control • 10.keep sb. from doing sth. • 11.on the air • 12.watch for • 13.reach the limit of exhaustion • 14.in the front line • 15.put out a fire • 16.political system

6. IV. Language Points • 1… telling of England’s battle for survival…( Para.1 ) • survival: n. state of continuing to live or exist ; a person , thing custom, belief, etc. that has survived from an earlier time. • e.g. the survival of the fittest • 适者生存

7. Many small companies are struggling for survival due to strong competition • 因为竞争激烈, 很多小公司在努力求生存。 • The survival of beliefs from generation to generation shows the strength of oral communication. • 人们的信仰得以一代一代传承下来说明了口头传播的巨大作用。 • survive: v.幸存 survivor: n.幸存者

8. 2. … no matter what it had to endure.( Para.2) • no matter what: whatever 不论什么 • e.g. Don’t trust him, no matter what he says. • I have made up my mind to buy the house,no matter what it costs.

9. endure: v. bear ( pain, suffering, ect.) patiently or for a long time 经受, 忍受 • continue in existence ;last 持续, 持久 • e.g. He had to endure the sharp pain all night since no doctor could be reached. • 因为找不着医生,他只能整夜忍受剧烈的疼痛。 endure:

10. I couldn’t endure this noise anymore. It drives me crazy！ 我再也无法忍受这噪音了.它都把我逼疯了。 We can’t endure ( for) many hours in this desert without water. 没有了水, 我们在沙漠里可再坚持不了多少个小时了。

11. 3.The German bombers cast dark shadows over the white cliffs of Dover…( Para.3)cast: vt. • 1)put , cause or direct ( a look, thought, feeling or opinion) • e.g. The setting sun cast long shadows across the garden. • 夕阳在花园里投下了一条长长的阴影。 • These events must cast doubt on his suitability for government office. • 这些事件必定会使人们对他是否适合担任政府职务产生疑问。

12. 2) throw with force e.g. cast aside one’s doubts 打消疑虑 The fishermen cast their nets into the sea. 渔民在海上撒网。

13. 4．… England would surrender. ( Para.4)surrender: v. 1)give up or give in to the power( esp. of an enemy), as a sign of defeat e.g. After three days, those who seized the airplane surrendered ( themselves) to the police. 三天后,劫机者向警方投降。 The government has surrendered to the pressure of big business and brought down interest rates. 政府屈服于大企业的压力,降低了利率。

14.    2) give sth. to sb. else because one has been forced to do so or because it necessary to do so e.g. I surrender all claim to the money. 我放弃对这笔款项的一切要求。 You ’ll have to surrender your papers at the hotel desk. 你必须把文件交给旅馆服务台。

15. 5.Marshal Goering boasted,…(Para. 6) • boast: v.(of /about/that)talk proudly • The young man is boasting of (or: about )his rich family to the girls. • 这位年轻人正在向女孩们吹嘘自己富有的家庭。 • Bill boasted that he was always the prize-winner in tennis match. • 比尔自夸是网球赛中的常胜将军。

16. 6.“This is the historic hour…”(Para.6) • historic: a. important in history ;of the times whose history has been recorded • a historic event/speech/place 历史上著名的事件/演说/地方 • Compare: • historical: a. belonging to history (contrasted with stories or tales),having to do with history • (This is a new word in Passage B.) • a historical event/person历史事件/历史人物

17. 7.The fires were brought under control. ( Para. 9) • under control : controlled in the correct way • e.g. Don’t worry —everything is under control. • 别担心，一切都在控制之中。 • It took the new teacher months to bring her class under control. • 新来的老师花了好几个月的时间才把班上学生管住。 • Compare: • in control: in charge, in command • The Vice-president is now in control, because the President is ill at home. • 总裁因病在家，现在副总裁掌管一切。

18. 8.… as though the war were a thousand miles away.( para.9) He spoke as though nothing could ever keep him from saying those words.( Para.10) “As though/ if” is used to introduce something that could be real or unreal. When thing introduced is obviously unreal, the subjunctive mood should be employed in the “as though/if” clause.

19. e.g. I remember the whole thing as if it occurred yesterday. She always talks to me as if she were my sister. Dolly sat there as though she hadn’t heard my words.

20. 9.Much depended upon the handful of pilots who rose day after day and night after night to meet the flocks of Nazi bombers.handful: n.(Para.12) • 1)a small number • He had a look at the handful of guests over there and found the person he was looking for. • 他看了一眼那边为数不多的客人,发现了他所要找的人。 • She was rather disappointed since only a handful of people came to her birthday party. • 只有为数不多的人来参加她的生日聚会,她为此深感失望。

21. 2)an amount of sth. that can be held in one hand a handful of small change 一把零钱 a handful of sand 一把沙子

22. flock: • 1)n. a group of animals, birds or people), emphasizing there are a great number of them • The newly- discovered scenic spot attracted flocks of travelers. • 新发现的景点吸引了大批游客。 • 2)vi. gather, move , come or go together in great number • When summer comes, people flocks to the beaches to enjoy the sun. • 夏天来临时, 人们成群结队地去海滩享受阳光。

23. 10.They had to dig quickly in cellars to rescue their friends( Para.13) • rescue: vt. make safe; set free from harm, danger, or loss • rescue sb./sth. from sb./ sth. • e.g. He jumped into the icy water to rescue the child from droning. • Firemen rescued his family from the roof of the burning house before it broke down.

24. 11.“…whichever political system…” ( Para.14) whichever : pron. No matter which; any one that • e.g. Take whichever seat you like. • 你要哪个座位都行。 • It has the same result, whichever way you do it. • 无论你用哪种方法做, 结果都是一样的。

25. V. Classroom Exercises • 1.Do Ex. VII and VIII (page 270-271). • 2.Do Text Structure Analysis

26. VI. Homework • 1.Read Section A and recite Paragraph 10,12& 11. • 2. Finish the rest of the exercises in Section A. • 3. Preview section B.

27. Ⅰ.Introduce the reading skill—Understanding Figurative Language and do Ex.ⅩⅣ

28. Ⅱ.Section B Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima • 1.Do Ex.Ⅹⅴtocheck the comprehension of the text • 2.Language points and difficult sentences

29. 1) The air exploded in blinding lightning and color, the rays shooting outward as in a child’s drawing of the sun…( Para.3) • Meaning: The air exploded with a blinding flash of light and color, the rays shooting outward like those of the sun painted by a child. • 天空中爆发出眩目的闪电和色彩, 喷射出的一道道光就像孩子画笔下的一道道太阳光。

30. 2)…and Kaz was flung to the ground so violently that her two front teeth broke off; she had sunk into unconscious.( Para.3) • break off : come off or be removed by force; end ( sth.) suddenly • e.g. In the storm, a branch of the tree by the door broke off. • 风暴中, 门旁树上的一根树枝被刮了下来。 • The two counties have broken off their political relations. • 两国已中断了政治关系。

31. Sink into unconsciousness: lose consciousness • sink into: come to ( an unpleasant , undesirable mood, situation, state, etc.) • After crying for a long time, the baby sake into a sound sleep. • 那个婴儿哭了很久, 之后就熟睡过去。 • The economy in that small country has sunken into disorder. • 那个小国家的经济已陷入一片混乱。

32.   3) That life had been a comfortable one, wanting in nothing… ( Para.4) • wanting in ( sth.): lacking in ( sth.) • The young man is wanting in politeness. • The old lady, wanting in nothing, led a contented life.

33.  4) Kaz’s father had been born to a family of some wealth and social position in Hiroshima, and had emigrated to American in the early 1920s in the spirit of adventure, not of need or flight;… ( Para.4)

34. Meaning: Kaz’s father had been born into a rather rich and socially noted family in Hiroshima, and moved to America in the early 1920s not because of poverty or running away from something , but with the spirit of risk-taking;…

35. 5)… it was expected of him as the sole male heir to their name.(Para.4) • Meaning: … he was expected to do so (that is, move back to Hiroshima) as the only male heir to the name of their family.

36. Sth. is expected of sb. 是expect sth. of sb.的被动式 • expect sth. of sb.: believe or hope that sb. will act in a certain way • Most parents expect too much of their children. • 多数家长对自己的孩子期望太高。 • heir: n.[C] a person with the legal right to receive money, title, property, etc. when the owner dies • The king’s eldest son is the heir to the royal seat of power. • 国王的长子是王位继承人。

37.    6) What remained of the life he had made was blown to bits though his home was more than a mile from ground zero.( Par.6) • 尽管他家与暴炸中心相距一英里, 但是他所营造的生活中的一切还是被炸成了碎片。

38. 7)…towered over most Japanese men,…(Para.7) • tower over/ above sb. / sth.: to be much higher (for trees, etc. )or taller (for people, etc.) than people or things close by 高出, 超过 • At 14, the boy towered over his father. • It is a giant company that towers over its rivals. • 这是一家大公司,高踞于对手之上。

39.    8)  …when night fell, Kaz and her brother made for the mountains;…( Para.8) • make for( a place): move towards( a place); head for • He rose from the chair and made for the door. • 他从椅子上站起来向门边走去。

40.    9)  …and had offered to take them in. ( Para.8) • take sb. in : allow sb. to stay in one’s house  • Some of the local people take in students to add to their income. • 一些当地人为学生提供住宿以增加收入。

41.    10) She felt uneasy, seized with fear, not for herself, but for her parents.( Para.8) • be seized with: be affected by a strong feeling, desire, ect. suddenly and intensely • The children were seized with panic when all the lights went out. • 所有的灯光熄灭之后,孩子们十分惊慌。 • He was seized with a desire to get even. • 他心中充满了复仇的欲望。

42. Ⅲ. Homework • 1. Finish the rest of the exercises in Section B. • 2. Read Section C and do the exercises. • 3. Review Section A and Section B.  

43. I. Listening: • 1. Listen to Understanding short conversations (Page 159) • 2. Listen to Understanding Passages---Passage 2.

44. II. Speaking: • 1. Practice conversational skills. • 2.A topic for discussion: What’s your attitude towards the Iraq War ?

45. III. Homework • 1. Finish the other listening tasks. • 2. Prepare a five-minute report based on the understanding of Section A.