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FAST MODE DECISION ALGORITHM FOR INTRA PREDICTION IN HEVC

FAST MODE DECISION ALGORITHM FOR INTRA PREDICTION IN HEVC. Lanka Naga Venkata Sai Surya Teja Student ID 1000916473 Mail ID nvssurya.lanka@mavs.uta.edu Date 03/02/2014 UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Dr. K. R. Rao. PROPOSAL.

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FAST MODE DECISION ALGORITHM FOR INTRA PREDICTION IN HEVC

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  1. FAST MODE DECISION ALGORITHM FOR INTRA PREDICTION IN HEVC Lanka Naga VenkataSai Surya Teja Student ID 1000916473 Mail ID nvssurya.lanka@mavs.uta.edu Date 03/02/2014 UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Dr. K. R. Rao

  2. PROPOSAL • To improve the coding efficiency of intra frame coding, up to 34 intra prediction modes are defined in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) [1] • The best mode among these pre-defined intra prediction modes is selected by rate-distortion optimization (RDO) for each block • This project proposes a new method to reduce the candidates in RDO process, as it will be time-consuming if all directions are tested in the RDO process when compared with the default method of intra prediction in HM 13.0. • Also analysis of PSNR, BD- PSNR, SSIM, BD- Bitrate can be done by comparing with the default encoding scheme in HM 13.0 [5].

  3. INTRODUCTION • HEVC standard [2] provides a highly flexible hierarchy of unit representation which consists of three block concepts: coding unit (CU), prediction unit (PU), and transform unit (TU). • This separation of the block structure is helpful for each unit of optimization. • CU is a macroblock-like unit of region splitting which is always square and its size can be from 8x8 luma samples up to the largest coding units (LCUs). • The PU is used only for the CU which is the leaf node in the Quadtree structure and the size of two PUs are 2Nx2N and NxN. • The third block concept transform unit size cannot exceed that of the CU.

  4. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF HEVC ENCODER[15]

  5. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF H.264 ENCODER[20]

  6. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF HEVC DECODER[15]

  7. Since encoder needs to exhaust all the combinations of CU, PU and TU to find the optimal solutions, it is very time-consuming • The encoder will not tolerate it if all the directions are employed in the rate-distortion optimization process • To reduce the computational complexity of the encoder, a fast intra mode decision [4] was adopted in HM13.0 [5]

  8. CODING TREE ALGORITHM

  9. (c) (d)

  10. OVERVIEW OF INTRA PREDICTION • In H.264, intra prediction [6][7][8][9] is based on spatial extrapolation of samples from previously decoded image blocks, followed by integer discrete cosine transform (DCT) [10] based coding • HEVC utilizes the same principle, but further extends it to efficiently represent wider range of textural and structural information in images • HEVC contains several elements improving the efficiency of intra prediction over earlier solutions

  11. HEVC INTRA PREDICTION MODES [7]

  12. H.264 INTRA PREDICTION MODES[21]

  13. METHOD PROPOSED FOR FAST MODE DECISON ALGORITHM FOR INTRA PREDICTION • The fast intra prediction consists of three steps: • HadamardTransformed Coefficients Of Residual Signal[13] • Progressive Mode Search[13] • Early RDOQ Termination[13]

  14. Combining the three steps, fast mode decision algorithm can be performed in intra prediction • The unified intra in HM1.0 first determines the first N best candidate modes selected by a rough mode decision (RMD) process where all modes are tested by minimum absolute sum of Hadamard Transformed coefficients of residual signal and the mode bits in the rough mode decision • Instead of the total intra prediction modes decision, the RD optimization is only applied to the N best candidate modes selected by the rough mode decision where all modes are compared in this decision • However, computation load of the encoder is still very high. On the other side, the intra prediction modes are always correlated among the neighbors which are not considered in HM13.0 • Therefore, there is still some space for further reducing the encoder complexity

  15. TEST SEQUENCES • [1] BQSquare_416x240_60

  16. [2] BQMall_ 832x480_60

  17. [3] KristenAndSara_1280x720_60

  18. ACRONYMS • BD- Bitrate - Bjøntegaard Delta Bitrate • BD- PSNR -  Bjøntegaard Delta Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio • CU - Coding Unit • DCT - Discrete Cosine Transform • DST - Discrete Sine Transform • HEVC - High Efficiency Video Coding • JCT- VC- Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding • LCU - Largest Coding Unit • MPM - Most Probable Mode • PSNR - Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio • PU - Prediction Unit • RDOQ - Rate Distortion Optimization Quantization • RDO - Rate- Distortion Optimization • RMD - Rough Mode Decision • SSIM - Structural Similarity Index • TU - Transform Unit

  19. REFERENCES [1] G.J. Sullivan et al, Overview of the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard‖, IEEE Trans. circuits and systems for video technology, vol. 22, no.12, pp. 1649 – 1668, Dec 2012. [2] JCT-VC, “WD1: Working Draft 1 of High-Efficiency Video Coding”, JCTVC-C403, JCT-VC Meeting, Guangzhou, October 2010. [3] Coding tree structure - https://www.google.com/search?q=coding+tree+structure+in+hevc [4] Y. Piaoet al, “Encoder improvement of unified intra prediction,” JCTVC-C207, Guangzhou, October 2010. [5] Software for HEVC - https://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/svn/svn_HEVCSoftware [6] T.L. Silva et al, ”HEVC intra coding acceleration based on tree inter-level mode correlation”, SPA 2013 Sep.2013, Poznan, Poland [7] H. Zhang and Z. Ma, ”Fast intra prediction for high efficiency video coding ”, Pacific Rim Conf. on Multimedia, PCM2012, Singapore, Dec. 2012. [8] M. Zhang et al, ”An adaptive fast intra mode decision in HEVC ”, IEEE ICIP 2012, pp.221-224, Orlando, FL, Sept.- Oct. 2012.

  20. [9] Y. Kim et al, “A fast intra-prediction method in HEVC using rate-distortion estimation based on Hadamard transform”, ETRI Journal, vol.35, #2, pp.270-280, Apr. 2013. [10 ]A. Saxena and F. Fernanades, “Mode dependent DCT/DST for intra prediction in block based image/video coding”, IEEE ICIP, pp. 1685-1688, Sept. 2011. [11] M. Khan et al, “An adaptive complexity reduction scheme with fast prediction unit decision for HEVC Intra encoding”, IEEE ICIP, pp. 1578-1582, Sept. 2013. [12] P. Mehta, “Complexity reduction for intra mode selection in HEVC using OpenMP”, course website: http://www-ee.uta.edu/Dip/Courses/EE5359/ Section: previous projects, Sub section: Projects (Spring 2014). [13] S. Vasudevan, “Fast intra prediction and fast residual quadtree encoding implementation in HEVC”, course website: http://www-ee.uta.edu/Dip/Courses/EE5359/ Section: previous projects, Sub section: Projects (Spring 2014). [14] K.R.Rao , D. N. Kim and J.J. Hwang ,” Video coding standards: AVS China, H.264/MPEG-4 Part10, HEVC, VP6, DIRAC and VC-1"´, Springer, 2014.

  21. [15] G.Sullivan et al, “Standard Extensions of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard” Journal of Special Topics in Signal Processing, vol.7, No. 6, pp. 1001-1016, Dec 2013. [16] Test Sequences: ftp://ftp.kw.bbc.co.uk/hevc/hm-11.0-anchors/testsequences/ [17] F. Bossen et al, "HM Software Manual", JCT-VC of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11, AHG chairs, January 2014 [18] B. Bross et al, “High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Text Specification Draft 10”, Document JCTVC- L1003, ITU-T/ISO/IEC Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), Mar. 2013 available on http://phenix.it-sudparis.eu/jct/doc_end_user/current_document.php?id=7243 [19] JVT Draft ITU-T recommendation and final draft international standard of joint video specification (ITU-T Rec. H.264-ISO/IEC 14496-10 AVC), March 2003, JVT-G050 available on http://ip.hhi.de/imagecom_G1/assets/pdfs/JVT-G050.pdf

  22. [20] I.E.G. Richardson, “The H.264 advanced video compression standard”, 2nd Edition, Hoboken, NJ, Wiley, 2010. • [21] Intra Prediction Modes of H.264 -https://www.google.com/search?q=intra+prediction+modes+h.264

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